Quantifying the enzootic leukosis virus threat: how prevalent is the natural infection in Crioulo Lageano cattle in southern Brazil?

Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL), is infectious disease affecting especially older animals, although animals of all ages can be infected with the Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV). Crioula Lageana is a locally adapted, rustic and long-lived bovine breed, important as a genetic resource. However, little is known about its health status, making it difficult to preserve the breed.

Dioxins do not only bind to AHR but also team up with EGFR at the cell-surface: a novel mode of action of toxicological relevance?

Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are highly toxic organic pollutants whose production and use are prohibited by international law. Despite this, these biopersistent and lipophilic chemicals are prevalent in the environment and accumulate in the food chain, posing significant health risks to consumers even at low exposure levels. Acute dioxin intoxication can cause chloracne, while chronic exposure has been associated with a wide range of adverse health effects, including carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental disorders, immunotoxicity, and endocrine disruption.

Patient Recruitment Characteristics for Wearable-Sensor-Based Outcome Assessment in Trauma Surgery.

Using a patient's own wearable sensor to obtain objective outcome data is a growing field in trauma allowing for the assessment of the recovery trajectory back toward the pre-injury performance. The aim of this study was to analyze recruitment characteristics and reasons for declined study participation in an orthopedic trauma study that measures postoperative recovery using wearables. : Data from 225 patients screened for participation in a wearable-sensor-based outcome study were assessed.

Structural basis for the ligand-dependent activation of heterodimeric AHR-ARNT complex.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) possesses an extraordinary capacity to sense and respond to a wide range of small-molecule ligands, ranging from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to endogenous compounds. Upon ligand binding, AHR translocates from the cytoplasm to nucleus, forming a transcriptionally active complex with aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), for DNA binding and initiation of gene expression programs that include cellular detoxification pathways and immune responses. Here, we examine the molecular mechanisms governing AHR's high-affinity binding and activation by a diverse group of ligands.

The relationship between chronic ankle instability and sleep behaviour.

Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) is a condition characterized by giving-way episodes, instability and recurrent ankle sprains. Poor sleep can increase the risk of musculoskeletal injury and sleep is known to be an important aspect of injury recovery. However, the effect sleep has on those with CAI as well as its risk for recurrent episodes of giving-way remains unclear.

Orthodontic retainers: are they all the same?

Introduction: It is known that the stability of the results obtained with orthodontic treatment depends, in addition to the functional and aesthetic aspects, also on the adequate planning of the retention devices, the patient's compliance with this new phase, and the physiological changes that the human body experiences over the years, throughout the craniofacial aging process.

Objective: This article discusses the importance of the orthodontic retention phase and the influence of diagnosis, planning and execution of corrective treatment of malocclusions, in order to achieve the expected success.

Methods: Throughout the text, different types of retainers and approaches during this phase will be presented, with the aim of ensuring the stability of the results obtained after correcting problems in the vertical, transverse and anteroposterior directions.

Replacement of extended aortic arch aneurysm using partial sternotomy under beating heart and continuous cardiac perfusion.

We report the case of a 72-year-old male patient who presented with a progressive aortic arch aneurysm. To reduce surgical trauma, we planned the procedure using an upper partial sternotomy with continuous cardiac perfusion and moderate hypothermia. Two vents were inserted to provide sufficient relief to the heart during perfusion.

Applying the Andersen behavioral model to the medication therapy management program: an approach for improving medication safety in older adults.

Medication therapy problems (MTPs) are common among older adults and are associated with considerable morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The Medicare Part D Medication Therapy Management (MTM) program, which includes Comprehensive Medication Reviews (CMRs), Targeted Medication Reviews (TMRs), and guidance on safe medication disposal, is designed to optimize therapeutic outcomes and reduce adverse events by addressing MTPs. Although this program has demonstrated success in reducing MTPs, its utilization remains low, with ongoing concerns about service access disparities, patient satisfaction, and long-term health outcomes.

Motor proficiency in school-aged children with CHD.

Objectives: To evaluate the motor proficiency, identify risk factors for abnormal motor scores, and examine the relationship between motor proficiency and health-related quality of life in school-aged patients with CHD.

Study Design: Patients ≥ 4 years old referred to the cardiac neurodevelopmental program between June 2017 and April 2020 were included. Motor skills were evaluated by therapist-administered and parent-reported and questionnaires.

Implementation of a UK supermarket intervention to increase purchasing of fresh fruit and vegetables: process evaluation of the WRAPPED natural experiment.

Background: Placement interventions, characterised by greater availability and more prominent positioning of healthy food products in supermarkets and other food stores, are associated with healthier patterns of purchasing and diet. The WRAPPED intervention study is a natural experiment that aims to evaluate a supermarket placement intervention to improve fruit and vegetable sales, household purchasing and the dietary quality of women and their children. Process evaluation, alongside the evaluation of outcomes, is essential to understand how interventions are implemented, under what circumstances they are effective, and their mechanisms of impact.

"If government is saying the regulations are important, they should be putting in funding to back it up."- An in-depth analysis of local authority officers' perspectives of the Food (Promotion and Placement) (England) Regulations 2021.

Background: As part of the UK government's obesity strategy, the Food (Promotion and Placement) (England) Regulations 2021 were implemented in October 2022 to restrict the prominent placement of products high in fat, sugar, or salt (HFSS) in most retail settings. Local authority (LA) officers have been tasked with enforcement of these regulations. This qualitative study examined the perspectives of LA officers including, trading standards, environmental health, and public health officers to understand enforcement approaches and requirements to optimise business compliance with the regulations.

Effects of chicken slurry inclusion on apparent total tract macronutrient digestibility, palatability, and fecal characteristics, microbiota, and metabolites of healthy adult dogs.

"Premium" pet foods are often formulated with meat slurries. Meat slurries are believed to be of higher quality than rendered meals, but inadequate research has been performed to test how their inclusion affects palatability, digestibility, or indicators of gastrointestinal health. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine how chicken slurry inclusion affected the palatability and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dog foods and to assess their effects on the fecal characteristics, metabolites, and microbiota of dogs.

Perfluoroalkyl acid precursor or weakly fluorinated organic compound? A proof of concept for oxidative fractionation of PFAS and organofluorines.

Organofluorine mass balance approaches are increasingly applied to investigate the occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and other organofluorines in environmental samples more comprehensively. Usually, complex samples prevent the identification and quantification of every fluorine-containing molecule. Consequently, large unidentified fractions between fluorine sum parameters such as extractable organic fluorine (EOF) and the sum of quantified analytes are frequently reported.

Cost Analysis of Outpatient Colectomy in a Tertiary Center: A Projected Medico-Economic Evaluation.

Aim Of The Study: Short stay processes are incentives to unburden chronically stressed healthcare systems. The aim of this study is to analyze financial implications of day admission (DAS) and outpatient strategies for colon resections in a prospective payment system (PPS) using Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) coding.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing left and right colonic resections between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020 were included.

Factors Associated with Personal Protective Equipment Usage Rates in the Central States: Generalized Multilevel Multinomial Models.

Objectives: This study examined the factors affecting the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) among US agriculture producers, specifically focusing on chemical, respiratory, and hearing protection. The primary goals were to identify demographic and farm-related factors linked to lower PPE usage and to explore the associations between PPE use and self-reported injuries or diseases in this occupational context.

Methods: We developed generalized multilevel multinomial logistic regressions for the agricultural safety and health survey data from 2018 and 2020.

Assessing the efficacy: mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes of the comprehensive short stem system in reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: For degenerative shoulder disease, reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has proven successful; however, problems such as scapular notching and instability still exist. These difficulties are intended to be addressed by recently improved prosthesis designs with reduced neck-shaft angles (NSA). Still, there are issues with complications, particularly with the humerus.

Glycomimetics as Candidates for Treatment and Prevention of Catheter-associated Biofilms Formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Bacteria develop biofilms for protection and persistent colonization. Biofilms of pathogenic bacteria can lead to serious medical problems. Bacterial biofilms on catheters used in the treatment of urinary tract diseases represent a major challenge for antibiotic therapy.

Speciation of copper and zinc compounds relevant for the hazard property (HP) 14 classification of municipal solid waste incineration bottom and fly ashes.

The analysis of the presence and content of substances that are toxic to aquatic life in waste is essential for classification of waste with regard to hazard property (HP) 14 'ecotoxic'. For the determination of HP14 classified copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) compounds in various municipal solid waste incineration bottom ashes (IBA) and one fly ash (FA) from Germany we applied X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy in combination with linear combination fitting. The analysis showed that approx.

Impact of health literacy-conscious medication educational videos on primary medication nonadherence rates.

Background: Primary medication nonadherence (PMN) occurs when a new medication is prescribed, but the patient does not obtain the medication, or an appropriate alternative. Medication knowledge may be a factor contributing to high PMN rates. A variety of approaches and technologies have been developed to enhance patient medication knowledge, though the impact of these interventions on PMN rates has not been studied.