Unravelling the art of developing skilled communication: a longitudinal qualitative research study in general practice training.

Doctor-patient communication is a core competency in medical education, which requires learners to adapt their communication flexibly to each clinical encounter. Although conceptual learning models exist, information about how skilled communication develops over time is scant. This study aims to unpack this process of communication learning and to identify its facilitators.

Medical school service regions in Canada: exploring graduate retention rates across the medical education training continuum and into professional practice.

Purpose: To create medical school service regions and examine national in-region graduate retention patterns across the medical education continuum and into professional practice as one approach to advancing social accountability in medical education.

Methods: Medical school service regions were created in Canada using publicly available data and mapped using Geographic Information System (GIS) software. Population size and density for each service region were calculated using census data.

Segmental congenital vascular anomaly with atrophy, ulceration, and scarring (SeCVAUS): Case series and review of literature.

Background: Next-generation sequencing has greatly increased our understanding of vascular birthmarks. Many port-wine birthmarks are due to somatic mutations in GNAQ/GNA11 exon 183, but other genomic causes have been identified. Most congenital hemangiomas are due to somatic mutations in GNAQ/GNA11 at exon 209.

Computer Adaptive vs. Non-adaptive Medical Progress Testing: Feasibility, Test Performance, and Student Experiences.

Background: Computerized adaptive testing tailors test items to students' abilities by adapting difficulty level. This more efficient, and reliable assessment form may provide advantages over a conventional medical progress test (PT). Prior to our study, a direct comparison of students' performance on a computer adaptive progress test (CA-PT) and a conventional PT, which is crucial for nationwide implementation of the CA-PT, was missing.

Reliability, validity and acceptability of an online clinical reasoning simulator for medical students: An international pilot.

Introduction: Clinical reasoning skills are essential for decision-making. Current assessment methods are limited when testing clinical reasoning and management of uncertainty. This study evaluates the reliability, validity and acceptability of Practicum Script, an online simulation-based programme, for developing medical students' clinical reasoning skills using real-life cases.

Librarian-Led Assessment of Medical Students' Evidence-Based Medicine Competency: Facilitators and Barriers.

Introduction: We must ensure, through rigorous assessment that physicians have the evidence-based medicine (EBM) skills to identify and apply the best available information to their clinical work. However, there is limited guidance on how to assess EBM competency. With a better understanding of their current role in EBM education, Health Sciences Librarians (HSLs), as experts, should be able to contribute to the assessment of medical student EBM competence.

Marking parties for marking written assessments: A spontaneous community of practice.

In programmes of assessment with both high and low-stakes assessments, the inclusion of open-ended long answer questions in the high-stakes examination can contribute to driving deeper learning among students. However, in larger institutions, this would generate a seemingly insurmountable marking workload. In this study, we use a focused ethnographic approach to explore how such a marking endeavour can be tackled efficiently and pragmatically.

Health-related quality of life in children with congenital vascular malformations.

Unlabelled: A cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children with congenital vascular malformations (CVM) and to investigate factors associated with an impaired HRQOL. Children (2-17 years) with CVMs who visited the HECOVAN expertise center between 2016-2018 were included. The PedsQL 4.

Competency-based medical education: The spark to ignite healthcare's escape fire.

High-value care is what patients deserve and what healthcare professionals should deliver. However, it is not what happens much of the time. Quality improvement master Dr.

Studies on Reliability and Measurement Error of Measurements in Medicine - From Design to Statistics Explained for Medical Researchers.

Reliability and measurement error are measurement properties that quantify the influence of specific sources of variation, such as raters, type of machine, or time, on the score of the individual measurement. Several designs can be chosen to assess reliability and measurement error of a measurement. Differences in design are due to specific choices about which sources of variation are varied over the repeated measurements in stable patients, which potential sources of variation are kept stable (ie, restricted), and about whether or not the entire measurement instrument (or measurement protocol) was repeated or only part of it.

Validity evidence and psychometric evaluation of a socially accountable health index for health professions schools.

There is an expectation that health professions schools respond to priority societal health needs. This expectation is largely based on the underlying assumption that schools are aware of the priority needs in their communities. This paper demonstrates how open-access, pan-national health data can be used to create a reliable health index to assist schools in identifying societal needs and advance social accountability in health professions education.

The VASCERN-VASCA Working Group Diagnostic and Management Pathways for Venous Malformations.

Unlabelled: To elaborate expert consensus patient pathways to guide patients and physicians toward efficient diagnostics and management of patients with venous malformations.

Methods: VASCERN-VASCA (https://vascern.eu/) is a European network of multidisciplinary centers for Vascular Anomalies.

Magnitude and relevance of change in health-related quality of life in patients with vascular malformations treated with sirolimus.

Introduction: Vascular malformations are rare congenital anomalies of the vascular system, which can involve the capillaries, veins, arteries, lymphatics, or a combination of vessel types. Patients with vascular malformations experience an impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL) because of their symptoms (e.g.

Semantic competence and prototypical verbalizations are associated with higher OSCE and global medical degree scores: a multi-theory pilot study on year 6 medical student verbalizations.

Objectives: The organization of medical knowledge is reflected in language and can be studied from the viewpoints of semantics and prototype theory. The purpose of this study is to analyze student verbalizations during an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and correlate them with test scores and final medical degree (MD) scores. We hypothesize that students whose verbalizations are semantically richer and closer to the disease prototype will show better academic performance.

Clinical differences in sirolimus treatment with low target levels between children and adults with vascular malformations - A nationwide trial.

The clinical presentation of patients with slow-flow vascular malformations is very heterogeneous. High clinical burden and subsequent reduced health-related quality of life is something they have in common. There is an unmet medical need for these patients for whom regular treatments like surgery and embolization are either insufficient or technically impossible.

Using Resident-Sensitive Quality Measures Derived From Electronic Health Record Data to Assess Residents' Performance in Pediatric Emergency Medicine.

Purpose: Traditional quality metrics do not adequately represent the clinical work done by residents and, thus, cannot be used to link residency training to health care quality. This study aimed to determine whether electronic health record (EHR) data can be used to meaningfully assess residents' clinical performance in pediatric emergency medicine using resident-sensitive quality measures (RSQMs).

Method: EHR data for asthma and bronchiolitis RSQMs from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, a quaternary children's hospital, between July 1, 2017, and June 30, 2019, were analyzed by ranking residents based on composite scores calculated using raw, unadjusted, and case-mix adjusted latent score models, with lower percentiles indicating a lower quality of care and performance.

Utility of a multimodal computer-based assessment format for assessment with a higher degree of reliability and validity.

Multiple choice questions (MCQs) suffer from cueing, item quality and factual knowledge testing. This study presents a novel multimodal test containing alternative item types in a computer-based assessment (CBA) format, designated as Proxy-CBA. The Proxy-CBA was compared to a standard MCQ-CBA, regarding validity, reliability, standard error of measurement, and cognitive load, using a quasi-experimental crossover design.

Factors Influencing Professional Identity Construction in Fourth-Year Pharmacy Students.

To explore the key factors that influence professional identity construction in fourth-year pharmacy students enrolled in a Doctor of Pharmacy program. A single-site instrumental case study of current fourth-year pharmacy students from the Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, was used. Thirteen students participated in semistructured interviews.

Entrustable Professional Activities and Learning: The Postgraduate Trainee Perspective.

Objective: Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are used as clinical activities in postgraduate psychiatry training in Australasia. This study aimed to explore psychiatry trainees' perceptions of the impact of EPAs on their motivation and learning.

Methods: A constructivist grounded theory approach was used to conceptualize the impact of EPAs on trainees' motivation and learning.

The VASCERN-VASCA working group diagnostic and management pathways for lymphatic malformations.

Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are developmental defects of lymphatic vessels. LMs are histologically benign lesions, however, due to localization, size, and unexpected swelling, they may cause serious complications that threaten vital functions such as compression of the airways. A large swelling of the face or neck may also be disfiguring and thus constitute a psychological strain for patients and their families.

The limited use of instructional design guidelines in healthcare simulation scenarios: an expert appraisal.

Background: Systematic reviews on simulation training effectiveness have pointed to the need to adhere to evidence-based instructional design (ID) guidelines. ID guidelines derive from sound cognitive theories and aim to optimize complex learning (integration of knowledge, skills, and attitudes) and learning transfer (application of acquired knowledge and skills in the workplace). The purpose of this study was to explore adherence to ID guidelines in simulation training programs for dealing with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), a high-risk situation and the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide.