Underlying pharmacological mechanisms of psilocin-induced broadband desynchronization and disconnection of EEG in rats.

Introduction: Psilocybin is one of the most extensively studied psychedelic drugs with a broad therapeutic potential. Despite the fact that its psychoactivity is mainly attributed to the agonism at 5-HT receptors, it has high binding affinity also to 5-HT and 5-HT receptors and indirectly modulates the dopaminergic system. Psilocybin and its active metabolite psilocin, as well as other serotonergic psychedelics, induce broadband desynchronization and disconnection in EEG in humans as well as in animals.

Psilocybin-Mediated Attenuation of Gamma Band Auditory Steady-State Responses (ASSR) Is Driven by the Intensity of Cognitive and Emotional Domains of Psychedelic Experience.

Psilocybin is a classical serotoninergic psychedelic that induces cognitive disruptions similar to psychosis. Gamma activity is affected in psychosis and is tightly related to cognitive processing. The 40 Hz auditory steady-state responses (ASSR) are frequently used as indicators to test the ability to generate gamma activity.

Apnea Detection in Polysomnographic Recordings Using Machine Learning Techniques.

Sleep disorders are diagnosed in sleep laboratories by polysomnography, a multi-parameter examination that monitors biological signals during sleep. The subsequent evaluation of the obtained records is very time-consuming. The goal of this study was to create an automatic system for evaluation of the airflow and SpO2 channels of polysomnography records, through the use of machine learning techniques and a large database, for apnea and desaturation detection (which is unusual in other studies).

Psilocin, LSD, mescaline, and DOB all induce broadband desynchronization of EEG and disconnection in rats with robust translational validity.

Serotonergic psychedelics are recently gaining a lot of attention as a potential treatment of several neuropsychiatric disorders. Broadband desynchronization of EEG activity and disconnection in humans have been repeatedly shown; however, translational data from animals are completely lacking. Therefore, the main aim of our study was to assess the effects of tryptamine and phenethylamine psychedelics (psilocin 4 mg/kg, LSD 0.

Real-Time Excitation of Slow Oscillations during Deep Sleep Using Acoustic Stimulation.

Slow-wave synchronous acoustic stimulation is a promising research and therapeutic tool. It is essential to clearly understand the principles of the synchronization methods, to know their performances and limitations, and, most importantly, to have a clear picture of the effect of stimulation on slow-wave activity (SWA). This paper covers the mentioned and currently missing parts of knowledge that are essential for the appropriate development of the method itself and future applications.

Is short-term memory capacity (7±2) really predicted by theta to gamma cycle length ratio?

Several studies suggest that EEG parameters, reflecting top-down processes in the brain, may predict cognitive performance, e.g. short-term memory (STM) capacity.

Electrical Source Imaging in Freely Moving Rats: Evaluation of a 12-Electrode Cortical Electroencephalography System.

This work presents and evaluates a 12-electrode intracranial electroencephalography system developed at the National Institute of Mental Health (Klecany, Czech Republic) in terms of an electrical source imaging (ESI) technique in rats. The electrode system was originally designed for translational research purposes. This study demonstrates that it is also possible to use this well-established system for ESI, and estimates its precision, accuracy, and limitations.

Simultaneous fMRI-EEG-Based Characterisation of NREM Parasomnia Disease: Methods and Limitations.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques and electroencephalography (EEG) were used to investigate sleep with a focus on impaired arousal mechanisms in disorders of arousal (DOAs). With a prevalence of 2-4% in adults, DOAs are significant disorders that are currently gaining attention among physicians. The paper describes a simultaneous EEG and fMRI experiment conducted in adult individuals with DOAs (n=10).

Artifacts in Simultaneous hdEEG/fMRI Imaging: A Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction Approach.

Simultaneous recordings of electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are at the forefront of technologies of interest to physicians and scientists because they combine the benefits of both modalities-better time resolution (hdEEG) and space resolution (fMRI). However, EEG measurements in the scanner contain an electromagnetic field that is induced in leads as a result of gradient switching slight head movements and vibrations, and it is corrupted by changes in the measured potential because of the Hall phenomenon. The aim of this study is to design and test a methodology for inspecting hidden EEG structures with respect to artifacts.

Adaptive optimal basis set for BCG artifact removal in simultaneous EEG-fMRI.

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals recorded during simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are contaminated by strong artifacts. Among these, the ballistocardiographic (BCG) artifact is the most challenging, due to its complex spatio-temporal dynamics associated with ongoing cardiac activity. The presence of BCG residuals in EEG data may hide true, or generate spurious correlations between EEG and fMRI time-courses.

Psilocybin disrupts sensory and higher order cognitive processing but not pre-attentive cognitive processing-study on P300 and mismatch negativity in healthy volunteers.

Rationale: Disruption of auditory event-related evoked potentials (ERPs) P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN), electrophysiological markers of attentive and pre-attentive cognitive processing, is repeatedly described in psychosis and schizophrenia. Similar findings were observed in a glutamatergic model of psychosis, but the role of serotonergic 5-HT receptors in information processing is less clear.

Objectives: We studied ERPs in a serotonergic model of psychosis, induced by psilocybin, a psychedelic with 5-HT agonistic properties, in healthy volunteers.