National trends in alcohol and substance use among adolescents from 2005 to 2021: a Korean serial cross-sectional study of one million adolescents.

Background: Although previous studies have provided data on early pandemic periods of alcohol and substance use in adolescents, more adequate studies are needed to predict the trends of alcohol and substance use during recent periods, including the mid-pandemic period. This study investigated the changes in alcohol and substance use, except tobacco use, throughout the pre-, early-, and mid-pandemic periods in adolescents using a nationwide serial cross-sectional survey from South Korea.

Methods: Data on 1,109,776 Korean adolescents aged 13-18 years from 2005 to 2021 were obtained in a survey operated by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.

Genetic Characteristics and Long-Term Follow-Up of Slovenian Patients with RPGR Retinal Dystrophy.

Genetic characteristics and a long-term clinical follow-up of 18 Slovenian retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) patients from 10 families with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) or cone/cone-rod dystrophy (COD/CORD) are reported. RP (eight families) was associated with two already known (p.(Ser407Ilefs*46) and p.

Estimated prevalence and trends in smoking among adolescents in South Korea, 2005-2021: a nationwide serial study.

Background: Although smoking is classified as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes, there is a scarcity of studies on prevalence of smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aims to analyze the trends of prevalence of smoking in adolescents over the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Methods: The present study used data from middle to high school adolescents between 2005 and 2021 who participated in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS).

Intraoperative Touch Imprint Cytology in Breast Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background: Intraoperative touch imprint cytology (ITIC) is used for intraoperative detection of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases with intention to spare the patients another surgery. However, ITIC prolongs surgery, and ads costs. It is less likely positive in breast cancer (BC) patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) due to low axillary tumor burden.

Cone Dystrophy Associated with a Novel Variant in the Terminal Codon of the -.

Mutations in are associated with rod-cone or cone/cone-rod dystrophy, the latter associated with mutations at the distal end. We describe the phenotype associated with a novel variant in the terminal codon of the c.3457T>A (Ter1153Lysext*38), which results in a C-terminal extension.