Quantitative Ultrafast Magnetoacoustics at Magnetic Metasurfaces.

Femtosecond (fs) time-resolved magneto-optics is applied to investigate laser-excited ultrafast dynamics of one-dimensional nickel gratings on fused silica and silicon substrates for a wide range of periodicities Λ = 400-1500 nm. Multiple surface acoustic modes with frequencies up to a few tens of GHz are generated. Nanoscale acoustic wavelengths Λ/ have been identified as -spatial harmonics of Rayleigh surface acoustic wave (SAW) and surface skimming longitudinal wave (SSLW), with acoustic frequencies and lifetimes being in agreement with theoretical calculations.

Combined Porous-Monolithic TiNi Materials Surface-Modified with Electron Beam for New-Generation Rib Endoprostheses.

TiNi alloys are very widely used materials in implant fabrication. When applied in rib replacement, they are required to be manufactured as combined porous-monolithic structures, ideally with a thin, porous part well-adhered to its monolithic substrate. Additionally, good biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance and mechanical durability are also highly demanded.

Technological Aspects of Lithium-Titanium Ferrite Synthesis by Electron-Beam Heating.

Solid-phase synthesis of lithium-titanium ferrite by electron-beam heating of a FeO-LiCO-TiO initial reagents mixture with different history (powder, compact, mechanically activated mixture) was studied using X-ray diffraction, thermomagnetometric and specific saturation magnetization analyses. Ferrite was synthesized using an ILU-6 pulsed electron accelerator; it generated electrons with electron energy of 2.4 MeV to heat samples to temperatures of 600 and 750 °C.

Reconstruction of fluorophore absorption and fluorescence lifetime using early photon mesoscopic fluorescence molecular tomography: a phantom study.

Significance: Fluorescence molecular lifetime tomography (FMLT) plays an increasingly important role in experimental oncology. The article presents and experimentally verifies an original method of mesoscopic time domain FMLT, based on an asymptotic approximation to the fluorescence source function, which is valid for early arriving photons.

Aim: The aim was to justify the efficiency of the method by experimental scanning and reconstruction of a phantom with a fluorophore.

DBSegment: Fast and robust segmentation of deep brain structures considering domain generalization.

Segmenting deep brain structures from magnetic resonance images is important for patient diagnosis, surgical planning, and research. Most current state-of-the-art solutions follow a segmentation-by-registration approach, where subject magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs) are mapped to a template with well-defined segmentations. However, registration-based pipelines are time-consuming, thus, limiting their clinical use.

Development of a Test System to Detect the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2 and the Frequency of Its Detection in Patients.

We developed a new test system to detect the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 using allele-specific reverse transcription PCR and estimated the frequency of its detection in patients living in the Novosibirsk Region. Clinical samples were divided into 3 groups: samples collected from December 1 to December 30, 2021 (group 1; n=66), from December 30, 2021 to January 10, 2022 (group 2; n=20), and from January 11 to January 22, 2022 (group 3; n=101). Based on the identification of 5 mutations specific to SARS-CoV-2 (B.

Subcortical brain structures and the risk of dementia in the Rotterdam Study.

Introduction: Volumetric and morphological changes in subcortical brain structures are present in persons with dementia, but it is unknown if these changes occur prior to diagnosis.

Methods: Between 2005 and 2016, 5522 Rotterdam Study participants (mean age: 64.4) underwent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were followed for development of dementia until 2018.

Taxonomic composition and biodiversity of the gut microbiome from patients with irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and asthma.

To date, the association of an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota with various human diseases, including both diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and disorders of the immune system, has been shown. However, despite the huge amount of accumulated data, many key questions still remain unanswered. Given limited data on the composition of the gut microbiota in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) from different parts of Siberia, as well as the lack of data on the gut microbiota of patients with bronchial asthma (BA), the aim of the study was to assess the biodiversity of the gut microbiota of patients with IBS, UC and BA in comparison with those of healthy volunteers (HV).

Controlled Fragmentation of Urinary Stones as a Method of Preventing Inflammatory Infections in the Treatment of Urolithiasis (Experience in Successful Clinical Use).

Unlabelled: The introduction of technologically advanced methods of lithotripsy into medical practice changes the nature of postoperative complications. Among them, the main complications are inflammatory infections. This largely determines the search for new, improved methods of stone fragmentation avoiding small stone fragments and dissemination of the pelvicalyceal system of the kidney with stone-associated infection.

Early-photon reflectance fluorescence molecular tomography for small animal imaging: Mathematical model and numerical experiment.

The paper presents an original approach to time-domain reflectance fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) of small animals. It is based on the use of early arriving photons and state-of-the-art compressed-sensing-like reconstruction algorithms and aims to improve the spatial resolution of fluorescent images. We deduce the fundamental equation that models the imaging operator and derive analytical representations for the sensitivity functions which are responsible for the reconstruction of the fluorophore absorption coefficient.

The crystal structure of new quantum memory-storage material ScYSiO.

Monoisotopic scandium yttrium oxyorthosilicate crystals as a material for quantum memory storage with high optical quality were grown by the Czochralski method. This material, of composition ScYSiO, is characterized by congruent melting and a melting point 60 K below the temperature for the ideal solid-solution series YSiO-ScSiO. The structure of the crystals was refined on the basis of high-quality single-crystal X-ray diffraction data.

A New MicroRNA Cluster Involved in the Reprogramming to a Pluripotent State.

Reprogramming of somatic cells to a pluripotent state is a complex, multistage process that is regulated by many factors. Among these factors, non-coding RNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been intensively studied in recent years. MiRNAs play an important role in many processes, particularly in cell reprogramming.

Activated complex theory of nucleation.

A new nucleation theory is presented. This theory is based on the assumption that a critical nucleus of the new phase can be regarded as an activated complex that passes through the top of the energy barrier. In the framework of the proposed approach, an equation in a general form for the nucleation rate is obtained.

Thermodynamics of network model fitting with spectral entropies.

An information-theoretic approach inspired by quantum statistical mechanics was recently proposed as a means to optimize network models and to assess their likelihood against synthetic and real-world networks. Importantly, this method does not rely on specific topological features or network descriptors but leverages entropy-based measures of network distance. Entertaining the analogy with thermodynamics, we provide a physical interpretation of model hyperparameters and propose analytical procedures for their estimate.

Ultrahigh-throughput functional profiling of microbiota communities.

Microbiome spectra serve as critical clues to elucidate the evolutionary biology pathways, potential pathologies, and even behavioral patterns of the host organisms. Furthermore, exotic sources of microbiota represent an unexplored niche to discover microbial secondary metabolites. However, establishing the bacterial functionality is complicated by an intricate web of interactions inside the microbiome.

[The using the modern technologies simulators for the strengthening of the back muscles in the schoolchildren suffering from first degree scoliosis].

Background: Strengthening the health of the young people and adolescents is a priority task for the health care system. The posture, as a habitual position of the body of a person standing at ease, is formed in the course of the child's physical development including the development of the static-dynamic functions. The problems of rehabilitation of the school-age children arising from the necessity to correct impaired posture, including scoliosis, are associated with their life activity and the socio-economic status.

Hub-driven remote synchronization in brain networks.

The phenomenon of "remote synchronization" (RS), first observed in a star network of oscillators, involves synchronization of unconnected peripheral nodes through a hub that maintains independent dynamics. In the RS regime the central hub was thought to serve as a passive gate for information transfer between nodes. Here, we investigate the physical origin of this phenomenon.

Subclinical vascular disease and the risk of parkinsonism: The Rotterdam Study.

Background: Parkinsonism is a common neurodegenerative syndrome in middle-aged and elderly persons. The etiology is multifactorial with a possible vascular contribution, but this has not been comprehensively studied.

Objective: To determine whether selected markers of subclinical vascular pathology are associated with the risk of all-cause parkinsonism in the general population.

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Antitumor Immune Response Activation by Dendritic Cells.

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the initiation and regulation of the antitumor immune response. Already , DC-based antitumor vaccines have been thoroughly explored both in animal tumor models and in clinical trials. DC-based vaccines are commonly produced from DC progenitors isolated from peripheral blood or bone marrow by culturing in the presence of cytokines, followed by loading the DCs with tumor-specific antigens, such as DNA, RNA, viral vectors, or a tumor cell lysate.

[FEDERAL CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS, PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF PNEUMOCONIOSIS].

The purpose of development of this clinical practice guidelines was to provide evidence-based protocols that help the practitioner and the patient make the right decision for the health assessment, treatment and prevention of pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconiosis is the interstitial lung disease of occupational origin caused by prolonged inhalation of inorganic dust, characterized by chronic diffuse aseptic inflammation in lung tissue with the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Currently, thereare no treatment that provide a cure pulmonary fibrosis and changes in the dynamics of decline in lung function.

Design of Polyepitope DNA Vaccine against Breast Carcinoma Cells and Analysis of Its Expression in Dendritic Cells.

Polyepitope DNA vaccine inducing T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer-specific antigens is a promising tool for selective elimination of tumor cells. Breast cancer-specific polyepitope DNA vaccine was designed using TEpredict and PolyCTLDesigner software on the basis of immunogenic peptides of HER2 and Mammaglobin-1 (Mam) tumor antigens. LPS-free preparations of plasmid DNA encoding polyepitope T-cell antigen and full-length copies of HER2 and Mam antigens were obtained.

Star-type oscillatory networks with generic Kuramoto-type coupling: A model for "Japanese drums synchrony".

We analyze star-type networks of phase oscillators by virtue of two methods. For identical oscillators we adopt the Watanabe-Strogatz approach, which gives full analytical description of states, rotating with constant frequency. For nonidentical oscillators, such states can be obtained by virtue of the self-consistent approach in a parametric form.