Manual versus reciprocating endodontic debridement of equine cheek teeth: Micro-computed tomography findings.

Background: In orthograde endodontic treatments, different methods are available to debride the pulp canals of endodontically compromised equine cheek teeth, but their efficacy is unknown.

Objectives: To explore and compare the efficacy and anatomical changes caused by manual versus reciprocating filing techniques in equine cheek teeth, to explore the presence of instrumentation mishaps described in human dentistry and to explore anatomical complexities of the pulp cavity that often remain uninstrumented using microcomputed tomography (μCT).

Study Design: Ex-vivo randomised experiments.

Micro-CT and histological examination of accessory canals in 34 equine cheek teeth.

Accessory canals and apical deltas have been extensively studied in human dentistry. Their clinical role as a difficult to clean reservoir for bacteria during endodontic treatments has been well described. Many papers describe in detail the pulp anatomy of equine dentition but little attention has been given to their apical ramifications.

Long-Term Survival in 241 Cases of Intussusception in Cattle and Factors Associated with Mortality.

Intussusception is a frequent cause of mechanical ileus in cattle. Long-term survival has never been described and risk factors for mortality are scarcely documented. A retrospective cohort study on 241 cattle was conducted to determine survival of intussusception and identify risk factors for mortality.

Dental sectioning for intraoral equine cheek teeth extractions: 29 cases.

The objectives of this retrospective study were to describe cheek teeth extraction by the sectioning technique, the decision making to use this technique and its potentially associated complications. Sectioning for dental extraction purpose was used in 29/461 (6.3%) of cases.

Efficient primary surgical treatment of equine infectious sinusitis reduces postoperative aftercare and increases outcome results: a retrospective study of 130 cases.

Objective: To document the long-term outcome of surgically treated primary and dental-related sinusitis in horses and to describe a simple protocol for postoperative management.

Methods: All surgically treated sinusitis cases referred between January 2016 and June 2022 were reviewed. Cases diagnosed with primary and dental-related sinusitis and with a follow-up of at least 6 months after hospital discharge were included.

It takes three to tango: citizen, fundamental and applied science.

Citizen science is an undervalued tool in a scientist's toolbox with the potential to go beyond primary data collection to strengthen fundamental and applied science. We call for the integration of these three disciplines to make agriculture sustainable and adaptive to climate change, with North-Western European soybean cultivation as showcase.

Opposing effects of - and -cinnamic acid during rice coleoptile elongation.

The phenylpropanoid cinnamic acid (CA) is a plant metabolite that can occur under a - or -form. In contrast to the proven bioactivity of the -form (-CA), the activity of -CA (-CA) is still a matter of debate. We tested both compounds using a submerged rice coleoptile assay and demonstrated that they have opposite effects on cell elongation.

A histological description of alpaca () cheek teeth: Findings and anatomical variations in macroscopically normal molars.

Scientific literature on veterinary dentistry in alpacas has historically focused on the description of tooth root abscesses. However, recent studies have shown a variety of other, sometimes preceding dental conditions to be widespread in this species. To allow the development and finetuning of treatment strategies in this species, a more thorough understanding of the underlying etiopathogenesis of dental disease is required.

Equine Suture Exostosis: A Review of Cases from a Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Suture exostosis is an intriguing and not uncommon pathology that has to be included in the differential diagnosis for horses with swelling of the head. Although several singular case reports have been published, no large case series is available. The aim of this study is to report a multicentric retrospective collection of suture exostosis cases.

Mandibular Thickness Measurements as Predictive Tool for Specific Dental Disorders in Alpacas (Vicugna Pacos).

Background: Oral health in alpacas is often neglected until severe dental disease becomes evident under the form of a pronounced mandibular swelling with or without fistulation. Mandibular thickness measurements might serve as an easy tool to screen for early increases in thickness thereby identifying alpacas which could benefit from an oral examination.

Objective: To study specific risk factors, including age, gender, level of performed measurements and dental disorders, associated with mandibular thickness in alpacas.

Flemish soils contain rhizobia partners for Northwestern Europe-adapted soybean cultivars.

In Europe, soybean (Glycine max) used for food and feed has to be imported, causing negative socioeconomic and environmental impacts. To increase the local production, breeding generated varieties that grow in colder climates, but the yield using the commercial inoculants is not satisfactory in Belgium because of variable nodulation efficiencies. To look for indigenous nodulating strains possibly adapted to the local environment, we initiated a nodulation trap by growing early-maturing cultivars under natural and greenhouse conditions in 107 garden soils in Flanders.

Clinical insights into the three-dimensional anatomy of cheek teeth in alpacas based on micro-computed tomography - Part 2: Maxillary cheek teeth.

Background: Scientific knowledge regarding alpaca dentistry is relatively limited despite its clinical implications. The present gap in available supportive data leads to limited treatment options for dental pathology in alpacas in comparison to other species. The main goal of this study was to gain novel insights into the general and pulp morphology of maxillary cheek teeth to allow development of more advanced treatment strategies in the future.

Clinical insights into the three-dimensional anatomy of cheek teeth in alpacas based on micro-computed tomography. Part 1: mandibular cheek teeth.

Background: Despite dental disease being a common health concern in alpacas, important dental pathology including apical infection, remains poorly understood. Treatment options are limited compared to veterinary dentistry techniques in other species. The primary goal of this study was to increase understanding of the external and internal anatomy of mandibular cheek teeth to enable the development of tooth sparing techniques in this species.

Fracture Resistance of Equine Cheek Teeth With and Without Occlusal Fissures: A Standardized Model.

fracture models are frequently used in human dentistry to provide insights in the fracture mechanisms of teeth. Equine cheek teeth fractures are an important dental pathology, but there has been no research performed to examine the fracture resistance . To evaluate the fracture resistance of equine cheek teeth and identify anatomical predictors that might influence fracture resistance in healthy teeth.

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Primary Sino-Nasal Obstruction in Miniature Horse Breeds: Long-Term Follow-Up of Seven Cases.

Idiopathic sino-nasal obstruction resulting in retention of large amounts of liquid in the paranasal sinus compartments was diagnosed in seven young (2. 2 ± 0.7 years) miniature-breed horses based on clinical, endoscopic, radiographic, and CT scan examinations.

Low microbial biomass within the reproductive tract of mid-lactation dairy cows: A study approach.

The microbiome from the reproductive tract is being investigated for its putative effect on fertility, embryo development, and health status of the human or animal host postpartum. Besides the presence of a vaginal microbiome, recent studies have claimed the existence and putative role of the uterine microbiome. Yet, the extremely low bacterial numbers and high eukaryotic/prokaryotic DNA ratio make this a highly challenging environment to study with next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques.

Occlusal Fissures in Equine Cheek Teeth: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.

It has been suggested that fissures of the occlusal surface of equine cheek teeth may develop into crown fractures. To examine the evolution of fissures present on the occlusal surface of cheek teeth. Furthermore, to investigate the presence of a fissure as a risk factor for the development of a subsequent crown fracture.

Development of a novel and rapid phenotype-based screening method to assess rice seedling growth.

Background: Rice () is one of the most important model crops in plant research. Despite its considerable advantages, (phenotypic) bioassays for rice are not as well developed as for . Here, we present a phenotype-based screening method to study shoot-related parameters of rice seedlings via an automated computer analysis.

Dietary supplementation of micro-encapsulated sodium butyrate in healthy horses: effect on gut histology and immunohistochemistry parameters.

Background: As colic and intestinal disorders are a major concern in horses, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of butyrate, known to have a diverse array of beneficial effects on intestinal health. The effect of micro-encapsulated sodium butyrate supplementation on gut histology and immunohistochemistry parameters was studied in 14 healthy warmblood horses destined for slaughter in two separate periods. Horses were fed a low fiber - high starch diet, designed to induce subsequent starch overflow in the large intestine, aiming to create a mild challenge for large intestinal health.

Dental disease in alpacas. Part 2: Risk factors associated with diastemata, periodontitis, occlusal pulp exposure, wear abnormalities, and malpositioned teeth.

Background: Dental disorders, of which tooth root abscesses are best documented, are highly prevalent in alpacas. Identification of risk factors can be valuable for prevention of dental disorders in this species.

Hypothesis/objectives: To identify risk factors associated with wear abnormalities, malpositioning, diastemata, periodontal disease (PD), and occlusal pulp exposure at the level of the cheek teeth.

Dental disease in alpacas. Part 1: Prevalence of dental disorders and their mutual relationships.

Background: Dental disease is a troublesome health concern in alpacas. Specifically, the occurrence of tooth root abscesses has been described in veterinary literature. Nevertheless, no objective prevalence data are available for dental disorders in alpacas.

Occlusal fissures in equine cheek teeth: μCT and histological findings.

Fissures on the occlusal surface of equine cheek teeth are commonly encountered during oral examination. Generally, their presence is considered abnormal but their aetiopathogenesis and clinical impact on pulp disease is still undetermined. The aims of this research were to study the extent of occlusal cheek teeth fissures using high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (μCT) imaging and their histological characteristics.

Clinical applicability of detomidine and methadone constant rate infusions for surgery in standing horses.

Objective: To determine the required rate of a detomidine infusion (loading dose 5 μg kg; initial rate 12.5 μg kg hour) added to a constant infusion of methadone (0.2 mg kg; 0.

TAD Click Chemistry on Aliphatic Polycarbonates: A First Step Toward Tailor-Made Materials.

For the first time, the effectiveness of triazolinedione (TAD) click chemistry onto aliphatic polycarbonates (APC) is demonstrated. Statistic copolymers carrying click-reactive conjugated diene (in a ratio of 10%) are synthesized via organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization. The highly efficient click reaction of TADs carrying simple butyl and phenyl functions are confirmed by H-NMR and DSC.