Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma with inferior vena cava extension in a 70-year-old man.

Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma, a malignant soft tissue tumour originating from the smooth muscle of the inferior vena cava and adrenal vein, is rarely described in the literature. Cases are often diagnosed at an advanced stage as the tumour is not hormone-producing. We describe a 70-year-old man who presented with lower extremity swelling and abdominal varices and was subsequently found to have a large adrenal mass on imaging.

The Open Approach to Severe Stent Encrustation: A Consecutive Case Series.

Urologists rely heavily on indwelling ureteral stents to manage urinary tract obstruction secondary to calculi, malignancy, stricture, congenital anomalies, or edematous response to operative procedures (Borboroglu and Kane, 2000). The use of a ureteral stent is a temporary intervention and requires removal to prevent potential complications. However, patient noncompliance with follow-up may lead to encrustation of the ureteral stent.

Cryoablation of small renal tumors in patients with solitary kidneys: initial experience.

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of renal cryoablation in patients with solitary kidneys with the goals of tumor destruction and maximal renal parenchymal preservation. Methods.

Limitations of laparoscopy for bilateral nephrectomy for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Purpose: We retrospectively studied outcomes following bilateral hand assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 18 patients with symptomatic autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease who underwent bilateral hand assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy. Preoperative radiographic imaging was reviewed retrospectively to determine kidney size based on an ellipsoid shape.

Randomized trial of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy with and without hand assistance.

Purpose: To compare the early results of standard laparoscopic (SL) and hand-assisted laparoscopic (HAL) donor nephrectomy in a randomized study.

Patients And Methods: Forty donors were randomly assigned in equal numbers to either SL or HAL. Two donors in the SL group and three patients in the HAL group underwent right nephrectomy; the others underwent left nephrectomy.

Methods of vascular control during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

Vascular control during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) requires expeditious control of the renal artery and vein while preserving maximum graft vascular length. The vascular stapler with three rows of staples on either side of the division has been widely used, but it loses more vascular length than other methods. In the accompanying video, we illustrate vascular control with the different staplers and locking polymer clips.

Evaluation of hydrogel tissue sealant in porcine laparoscopic partial-nephrectomy model.

Background And Purpose: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) is technically challenging with a steep learning curve, primarily because techniques used to control bleeding on the cut surface of the kidney can be ineffective, inconsistent, or challenging. Hemostatic techniques can include intracorporeal suturing, vascular coagulation (argon-beam coagulator, bipolar cautery, laser), and application of various tissue sealants. There is no uniformity of opinion regarding which hemostatic technique is optimal for this application.

Management of trauma to the male external genitalia: the usefulness of American Association for the Surgery of Trauma organ injury scales.

Purpose: Injury to the male external genitalia is rare and, therefore, there are little data in the literature regarding the options for nonoperative management and outcome. To assist in defining the indications for nonoperative management the usefulness of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) organ injury scales for these injuries was examined.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 116 male patients with trauma to the external genitalia in a 10-year period and classified injuries according to the organ injury severity scales (scrotum, testis, penis and urethra) of the AAST.