Crocodile tear syndrome treated with lacrimal gland incobotulinum toxin A injection: a report of two cases.

Crocodile tear syndrome (CTS) is a late complication of facial nerve palsy characterized by unilateral lacrimation in response to gustatory stimulation. We present 2 cases of patients diagnosed with CTS after recovering from unilateral idiopathic facial nerve palsy. Both patients underwent transconjunctival lacrimal gland incobotulinumtoxinA injection, with doses of 5-16 units.

Pott's Puffy Tumor: A Rare, Life-Threatening Presentation of Periorbital Edema.

Pott's puffy tumor (PPT) describes forehead swelling with associated frontal bone osteomyelitis and a subperiosteal abscess (SPA) requiring a high suspicion index for optimal outcomes. PPT is a life-threatening complication of frontal sinusitis typically found in adolescents. Our case is one of the youngest in the literature.

Posttraumatic Encapsulated Orbital Lipoma.

A 43-year-old white male sought treatment for swelling of the left brow, which started after sustaining direct blunt trauma to the left bony orbit 6 months prior. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast showed a 5.6 × 2.

Phakomatous Choristoma of the Orbit With Involvement of the Inferior Oblique Muscle.

The authors report a case of phakomatous choristoma presenting as an orbital tumor with involvement of the inferior oblique muscle. This is the only known case of this rare tumor directly invading and incorporating the inferior oblique. This tumor should be included in the differential of eyelid tumors and orbital tumors in infants.

Allergic fungal sinusitis involving the lacrimal sac: a case report and review.

Unlabelled: BACKGROUNd: We report a case of allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) involving the lacrimal sac and review the current English literature. A literature search for AFS involving the lacrimal sac revealed two reports with only one of the two cases demonstrating histological evidence of fungal elements. This is just the third such case and only the second reported case with histopathologic confirmation of fungal elements by Gomori methenamine silver (GMS) stain.

Postoperative eyelid infection in a patient taking etanercept.

Postoperative eyelid infections are a rare complication of eyelid surgery. The authors present a case of an eyelid infection occurring within the first week following surgery in a patient taking etanercept--a biologic anti-TNF-α agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The authors urge caution regarding the use of steroid/antibiotic combination ointments and systemic steroids in patients undergoing elective eyelid surgery who are on such medications.

Dacryocystorhinostomy: History, evolution and future directions.

Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a procedure of choice for nasolacrimal duct obstruction and chronic dacryostenosis in the setting of patent canaliculi and a functional lacrimal pump. Two major approaches are utilized: external, via a transcutaneous incision and endonasal endoscopically guided. The surgery has a high success rate via both approaches.

Heme oxygenase-2 knockout neurons are less vulnerable to hemoglobin toxicity.

When cortical neurons are exposed to hemoglobin, they undergo oxidative stress that ultimately results in iron-dependent cell death. Heme oxygenase (HO)-2 is constitutively expressed in neurons and catalyzes heme breakdown. Its role in the cellular response to hemoglobin is unclear.

Contribution of myosin rod protein to the structural organization of adult and embryonic muscles in Drosophila.

Myosin rod protein (MRP) is a naturally occurring 155 kDa protein in Drosophila that includes the myosin heavy chain (MHC) rod domain, but contains a unique 77 amino acid residue N-terminal region that replaces the motor and light chain-binding domains of S1. MRP is a major component of myofilaments in certain direct flight muscles (DFMs) and it is present in other somatic, cardiac and visceral muscles in adults, larvae and embryos, where it is coexpressed and polymerized into thick filaments along with MHC. DFM49 has a relatively high content of MRP, and is characterized by an unusually disordered myofibrillar ultrastructure, which has been attributed to lack of cross-bridges in the filament regions containing MRP.