Radiation dose reduction in fluoroscopic procedures: left varicocele embolization as a model.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of a radiation reduction program on total dose, fluoroscopy dose per second corrected for body habitus and degree of collimation in left varicocele embolizations (LVE).

Methods: A radiation reduction program for LVE was implemented, consisting of a technique minimizing fluoroscopy time, using low-dose presets, virtual collimation, and virtual patient positioning. Height, weight, fluoroscopy time, kerma area product (KAP) and reference air kerma (Ka,r) were recorded for 100 consecutive cases satisfying the inclusion criteria.

Stent grafts for central venous occlusive disease in patients with ipsilateral hemodialysis access.

Purpose: To assess long-term outcomes of stent grafts in patients with symptomatic central venous stenoses and occlusions ipsilateral to hemodialysis grafts or fistulas.

Materials And Methods: The study included 52 of 55 consecutive patients with symptomatic stenoses of the central veins draining upper limb dialysis access grafts or fistulas treated with stent grafts. Indications for stent grafts were poor angioplasty results, rapid recurrence, or total occlusion.