Footprints of loop extrusion in statistics of intra-chromosomal distances: An analytically solvable model.

Active loop extrusion-the process of formation of dynamically growing chromatin loops due to the motor activity of DNA-binding protein complexes-is a firmly established mechanism responsible for chromatin spatial organization at different stages of a cell cycle in eukaryotes and bacteria. The theoretical insight into the effect of loop extrusion on the experimentally measured statistics of chromatin conformation can be gained with an appropriately chosen polymer model. Here, we consider the simplest analytically solvable model of an interphase chromosome, which is treated as an ideal chain with disorder of sufficiently sparse random loops whose conformations are sampled from the equilibrium ensemble.

Sum-of-squares bounds on correlation functions in a minimal model of turbulence.

We suggest a new computer-assisted approach to the development of turbulence theory. It allows one to impose lower and upper bounds on correlation functions using sum-of-squares polynomials. We demonstrate it on the minimal cascade model of two resonantly interacting modes when one is pumped and the other dissipates.

Profile of a two-dimensional vortex condensate beyond the universal limit.

It is well known that an inverse turbulent cascade in a finite (2π×2π) two-dimensional periodic domain leads to the emergence of a system-sized coherent vortex dipole. We report a numerical hyperviscous study of the spatial vorticity profile inside one of the vortices. The exciting force was shortly correlated in time, random in space, and had a correlation length l_{f}=2π/k_{f} with k_{f} ranging from 100 to 12.

Conformational statistics of non-equilibrium polymer loops in Rouse model with active loop extrusion.

Motivated by the recent experimental observations of the DNA loop extrusion by protein motors, in this paper, we investigate the statistical properties of the growing polymer loops within the ideal chain model. The loop conformation is characterized statistically by the mean gyration radius and the pairwise contact probabilities. It turns out that a single dimensionless parameter, which is given by the ratio of the loop relaxation time over the time elapsed since the start of extrusion, controls the crossover between near-equilibrium and highly non-equilibrium asymptotics in the statistics of the extruded loop, regardless of the specific time dependence of the extrusion velocity.

Quantum theory of a spaser-based nanolaser.

We present a quantum theory of a spaser-based nanolaser, under the bad-cavity approximation. We find first- and second-order correlation functions g(1)(τ) and g(2)(τ) below and above the generation threshold, and obtain the average number of plasmons in the cavity. The latter is shown to be of the order of unity near the generation threshold, where the spectral line narrows considerably.