Variations of the lumbrical muscles of the hand: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Lumbrical muscles of the upper limb belong to the middle group of intrinsic hand muscles. Their anatomical variability has been extensively studied with heterogeneous findings. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the lumbrical muscles variations in the human hand.

A meta-analysis on the anatomical variability of the brachial plexus: Part III - Branching of the infraclavicular part.

Introduction: The anatomy of the brachial plexus has been a subject of interest to many researchers over time resulting in an inconsistent amount of data. Previously, our team had published two evidence-based studies on the anatomical variations involving the brachial plexus, therefore the aim of this study was to analyze the findings regarding the infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus with the use of meta-analytic techniques to complete the comprehensive series.

Material And Methods: Major scientific databases were extensively searched to compile anatomical studies investigating the morphology of the infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus.

A meta-analysis on the anatomical variability of the brachial plexus: Part II - Branching of the supraclavicular part.

Introduction: The anatomy of the supraclavicular part of the brachial plexus is highly variable, therefore the aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the various origins of the long thoracic, dorsal scapular, suprascapular and subclavian nerves.

Materials And Methods: Major electronic databases were searched to identify all cadaveric studies investigating the morphology of the supraclavicular part of the brachial plexus. Data on the origins of these nerves were extracted and classified.

A meta-analysis on the anatomical variability of the brachial plexus: Part I - Roots, trunks, divisions and cords.

Introduction: The brachial plexus is a complex anatomical structure that gives rise to all the nerves of the upper limb. Its variability is frequently observed and represents a challenge for interventions in the lower neck and axilla. The aim of this study was to present a comprehensive and evidence-based review with meta-analytic techniques on the variability of roots, trunks, divisions and cords of the brachial plexus.

The arcade of Frohse: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The structure of the proximal margin of the superficial layer of the supinator muscle is of high interest to many researches. Its tendinous appearance, called the arcade of Frohse, may be clinically important because of its close relationship to the deep branch of the radial nerve passing beneath it and is considered to be the cause of several syndromes. Given the importance of this structure, we aimed to provide a comprehensive and evidence-based review with meta-analytic techniques.

On transformative adaptive activation functions in neural networks for gene expression inference.

Gene expression profiling was made more cost-effective by the NIH LINCS program that profiles only ∼1, 000 selected landmark genes and uses them to reconstruct the whole profile. The D-GEX method employs neural networks to infer the entire profile. However, the original D-GEX can be significantly improved.

On tower and checkerboard neural network architectures for gene expression inference.

Background: One possible approach how to economically facilitate gene expression profiling is to use the L1000 platform which measures the expression of ∼1,000 landmark genes and uses a computational method to infer the expression of another ∼10,000 genes. One such method for the gene expression inference is a D-GEX which employs neural networks.

Results: We propose two novel D-GEX architectures that significantly improve the quality of the inference by increasing the capacity of a network without any increase in the number of trained parameters.

Accessory bones of the elbow: Prevalence, localization and modified classification.

Accessory bones in the region of the elbow are rare variants with high clinical significance as they may be confused with avulsion fractures. We investigated their prevalence and performed a statistical analysis to support their congenital origin. Their localization was mapped to show their exact site of occurrence.

The superficial anatomical landmarks are not reliable for predicting the recurrent branch of the median nerve.

Purpose: The variability of the recurrent branch (RB) of the median nerve lends itself to an increased risk of injury when performing the minimally invasive approach for carpal tunnel release without its direct visualization. This risk is less so when it is released via the more invasive open approach as the RB can be easily identified, but the drawback is that of longer postoperative patient recovery time. Therefore, performing these releases via the less invasive approach should be more favorable for patients providing it could be done safely.