A Study of the Possibility of Producing Annealed and Metallized Pellets from Titanomagnetite Concentrate.

The current intensive development of steelmaking is being impeded by a scarcity of pure scrap. The potential to replace pure scrap with metallized raw materials that are naturally alloyed with vanadium and titanium, such as annealed unfluxed titanomagnetite pellets, could facilitate the achievement of key objectives in metallurgical development, particularly in the smelting of electric steel. The objective of this research was to produce annealed and metallized pellets from titanomagnetite concentrate under laboratory conditions, with the intention of further processing them as a commercial product in a blast furnace or as an intermediate product for the production of hot briquetted iron (HBI).

The Cultivation of Halophilic Microalgae Shapes the Structure of Their Prokaryotic Assemblages.

The influence of microalgae on the formation of associated prokaryotic assemblages in halophilic microbial communities is currently underestimated. The aim of this study was to characterize shifts in prokaryotic assemblages of halophilic microalgae upon their transition to laboratory cultivation. Monoalgal cultures belonging to the classes Chlorodendrophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, and Chlorophyceae were isolated from habitats with intermediate salinity, about 100 g/L, nearby Elton Lake (Russia).

Synthesis, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity of new conjugates of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine with α-aminophosphonates.

A series of the first conjugates of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine with α-aminophosphonates was synthesized using the Kabachnik-Fields reaction, the Pudovik reaction, a copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) and evaluated for the in vitro cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines M - HeLa, HuTu-80, A549, PANC-1, MCF-7, T98G and normal lung fibroblast cells WI-38. The tested conjugates, with exception of compound 21b, considered as a lead compound, were either inactive against the used cancer cells or showed moderate cytotoxicity in the range of IC values 33-80 μM. The lead compound 21b, being non cytotoxic against normal human cells WI-38 (IC = 90 μM), demonstrated good activity (IC = 17 μM) against breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) which to be 1.

Unexpected ubiquity of heart-shaped scale morphotype in Centroplasthelida (Haptista): Ancestral trait or multiple acquisitions?

Centrohelids (Haptista: Centroplasthelida) are axopodial protists with a remarkable diversity of external siliceous scale morphologies. It is believed that the last common ancestor of centrohelids had a double layer of siliceous scales composed of plate scales closer to a cell surface and spine scales radiating outwards. The characteristic morphotype of spine scales with a heart-shaped base was once believed to be a unique feature of the genus Choanocystis, as it was defined by Siemensma and Roijackers (1988).

Synthesis and antiviral activity of 1,2,3-triazolyl nucleoside analogues with -acetyl-d-glucosamine residue.

A series of 1,2,3-triazolyl nucleoside analogues bearing -acetyl-D-glucosamine residue was synthesized by the copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction of 1-ω-alkynyl derivatives of uracil, 6-methyluracil, thymine and 3,4,6-tri--acetyl-2-deoxy-2-acetamido-β-D-glucopyranosyl azide. Antiviral assays revealed the lead compound which showed both the same activity against the influenza virus A H1N1 (IC=70.7 µM) as the antiviral drug Rimantadine in control (IC=77 µM) and good activity against Coxsackievirus B3 (IC=13.

The First 5'-Phosphorylated 1,2,3-Triazolyl Nucleoside Analogues with Uracil and Quinazoline-2,4-Dione Moieties: A Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation.

A series of 5'-phosphorylated (dialkyl phosphates, diaryl phosphates, phosphoramidates, -phosphonates, phosphates) 1,2,3-triazolyl nucleoside analogues in which the 1,2,3-triazole-4-yl-β-D-ribofuranose fragment is attached via a methylene group or a butylene chain to the -1 atom of the heterocycle moiety (uracil or quinazoline-2,4-dione) was synthesized. All compounds were evaluated for antiviral activity against influenza virus A/PR/8/34/(H1N1). Antiviral assays revealed three compounds, , and , which showed moderate activity against influenza virus A (H1N1) with IC values of 17.

Macrophage Phenotype in Combination with Tumor Microbiome Composition Predicts RCC Patients' Survival: A Pilot Study.

The identification of new prognostic markers of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an urgent problem in oncourology. To investigate the potential prognostic significance of tumor microbiome and stromal inflammatory markers, we studied a cohort of 66 patients with RCC (23 clear cell RCC, 19 papillary RCC and 24 chromophobe RCC). The microbiome was analyzed in tumor and normal tissue by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.

Synthesis, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of triphenylphosphonium (TPP) conjugates of 1,2,3-triazolyl nucleoside analogues.

Four new triphenylphosphonium (TPP) conjugates of 1,2,3-triazolyl nucleoside analogues were synthesized by coupling with 8-bromoctyl- or 10- bromdecyltriphenylphosphonium bromide and evaluated for the in vitro antibacterial activity against S. aureus, B. cereus, E.

Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of Nucleoside Analogues Bearing One Pyrimidine Moiety and Two D-Ribofuranosyl Residues.

A series of 1,2,3-triazolyl nucleoside analogues in which 1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-β-d-ribofuranosyl fragments are attached via polymethylene linkers to both nitrogen atoms of the heterocycle moiety (uracil, 6-methyluracil, thymine, quinazoline-2,4-dione, alloxazine) or to the C-5 and -3 atoms of the 6-methyluracil moiety was synthesized. All compounds synthesized were evaluated for antiviral activity against influenza virus A/PR/8/34/(H1N1) and coxsackievirus B3. Antiviral assays revealed three compounds, , , , which showed moderate activity against influenza virus A H1N1 with IC values of 57.

Prognostic Significance of the Microbiome and Stromal Cells Phenotype in Esophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Esophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive malignant neoplasms, with low survival rates and limited treatment options. In this study we analyzed the microbiome composition and the phenotype of inflammatory tumor infiltrate in squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus (ESCC) and examined possible relationships between them and their prognostic significance. We found that the predominant phyla of microorganisms found in both tumors and adjacent normal tissues were and .

Antiviral nucleoside analogs.

The minireview surveys the modification of native nucleosides as a result of which huge libraries of nucleoside analogs of various structures were synthesized. Particular attention is paid to the synthesis of the so-called prodrug forms of nucleoside analogs which ensure their penetration into the cell and metabolism to active 5'-triphosphate derivatives. All the best known antiviral cyclic nucleoside analogs approved for the treatment of HIV infections, hepatitis B, C, and influenza since the 1960s, as well as those in various stages of clinical trials in recent years, are listed.

Data on rumen and faeces microbiota profiles of Yakutian and Kalmyk cattle revealed by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons.

It is known that the rumen microbiome directly or indirectly contributes to animal production, and may be a prospective target for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions [1]. At the same time, feed types and components of diet can influence the composition of the rumen microbiome [2,3]. Fluctuations in the composition of the digestive tract microbiota can alter the development, health, and productivity of cattle [4].

Data on draft genome sequence of sp. SAM-B isolated from a mineral cold spring located in Tyva, southern Siberia.

sp. SAM-B was isolated from Uzharlyg Mineral Cold Spring, Samagaltay Settlement, Republic of Tyva (Southern Siberia), Russian Federation. A whole genome sequencing of sp.

Lung Microbiome Differentially Impacts Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Depending on Tumor Stroma Phenotype.

The link between a lung tumor and the lung microbiome is a largely unexplored issue. To investigate the relationship between a lung microbiome and the phenotype of an inflammatory stromal infiltrate, we studied a cohort of 89 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The microbiome was analyzed in tumor and adjacent normal tissue by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.

Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazolyl nucleoside analogues and their antiviral activity.

Based on the fact that a search for influenza antivirals among nucleoside analogues has drawn very little attention of chemists, the present study reports the synthesis of a series of 1,2,3-triazolyl nucleoside analogues in which a pyrimidine fragment is attached to the ribofuranosyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl moiety by a polymethylene linker of variable length. Target compounds were prepared by the Cu alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. Derivatives of uracil, 6-methyluracil, 3,6-dimethyluracil, thymine and quinazolin-2,4-dione with ω-alkyne substituent at the N1 (or N5) atom and azido 2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-D-β-ribofuranoside were used as components of the CuAAC reaction.

Glycosides and Glycoconjugates of the Diterpenoid Isosteviol with a 1,2,3-Triazolyl Moiety: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation.

Several glycoconjugates of the diterpenoid isosteviol (16-oxo--beyeran-19-oic acid) with a 1,2,3-triazolyl moiety were synthesized, and their cytotoxicity was evaluated against some human cancer and normal cell lines. Most of the synthesized compounds demonstrated weak inhibitory activities against the M-HeLa and MCF-7 human cancer cell lines. Three lead compounds, , and , exhibited high selective cytotoxic activity against M-HeLa cells (IC = 1.

Dataset for transcriptome analysis of subsp. serovar Typhimurium strain 14028S response to starvation.

is an ubiquitous pathogen throughout the world causing gastroenteritis in humans and animals. Survival of pathogenic bacteria in the external environment may be associated with the ability to overcome the stress caused by starvation. The bacterial response to starvation is well understood in laboratory cultures with a sufficiently high cell density.

Synthesis and anti-cancer activities of glycosides and glycoconjugates of diterpenoid isosteviol.

A series of glycosides and glycoconjugates of diterpenoid isosteviol (16-oxo--beyeran-19-oic acid) with various monosaccharide residues were synthesized and their cytotoxicity against some human cancer and normal cell lines was assayed. Most of the synthesized compounds demonstrated moderate to significant cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines M-HeLa and MCF-7. Three lead compounds exhibited selective cytotoxic activities against M-HeLa (IC = 10.

Synthesis and cytotoxicity of the conjugates of diterpenoid isosteviol and -acetyl-D-glucosamine.

A series of conjugates of diterpenoid isosteviol (16-oxo--beyeran-19-oic acid) and -acetyl-D-glucosamine was synthesised and their cytotoxicity against several human cancer cell lines (M-Hela, MCF-7, Hep G2, Panc-1, PC-3), as well as normal human cell lines (WI-38, Chang liver) was assayed. Most of the conjugates were found to be cytotoxic against the mentioned cancer cell lines in the range of IC values 13-89 µM. Two lead compounds and showed selective cytotoxicity against M-Hela (IC 13 and 14 µM) that was two times as high as the cytotoxicity of the anti-cancer drug Tamoxifen in control (IC 28 µM).

Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of triterpeni≿ A-ring azepanes.

A series of A-ring azepanones and azepanes derived from betulonic, oleanonic and ursonic acids was synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimycobacterial activities against M. tuberculosis (MTB) H37Rv and SDR-TB in the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Triterpenic A-azepano-28-hydroxy-derivatives were synthesized by the reduction with LiAlH of triterpenic azepanones available from the Beckmann rearrangement of the corresponding C3-oximes.

Mitochondriotropic and Cardioprotective Effects of Triphenylphosphonium-Conjugated Derivatives of the Diterpenoid Isosteviol.

Mitochondria play a crucial role in the cell fate; in particular, reducing the accumulation of calcium in the mitochondrial matrix offers cardioprotection. This affect is achieved by a mild depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, which prevents the assembly and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. For this reason, mitochondria are an attractive target for pharmacological interventions that prevent ischaemia/reperfusion injury.

Synthesis and antituberculosis activity of the first macrocyclic glycoterpenoids comprising glucosamine and diterpenoid isosteviol.

The first macrocyclic glycoterpenoids comprising glucosamine and diterpenoid isosteviol moieties were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.