Copper nanowire coated carbon fibers as efficient substrates for detecting designer drugs using SERS.

Miniature Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) sensors were fabricated by coating the carbon fiber microelectrodes with copper nanowires. The coating procedure, based on anodizing the copper wire in ultrapure water followed by cathodic deposition of the anode-derived material onto carbon fiber electrodes, provides a "clean" copper nanowire network. The developed miniature (10µm in diameter and 2mm in length) and nanoscopically rough SERS substrates are applicable in drug sensing, as shown by the detection and resolving of a range of seized designer drugs in trace amounts (microliter volumes of 10-10M solutions).

eL-Chem Viewer: a freeware package for the analysis of electroanalytical data and their post-acquisition processing.

In electrochemical sensing, a number of voltammetric or amperometric curves are obtained which are subsequently processed, typically by evaluating peak currents and peak potentials or wave heights and half-wave potentials, frequently after background correction. Transformations of voltammetric data can help to extract specific information, e.g.

HPLC-ED of low-molecular weight brominated phenols and tetrabromobisphenol A using pretreated carbon fiber microelectrode.

Electrochemically pretreated carbon fiber microelectrode was used to develop a simple, fast and sensitive HPLC-ECD method for the determination of brominated phenols. In addition to simple mono-, di- and tri-bromophenols (4-bromophenol, 2,4-dibromophenol, 2,6-dibromophenol, 2,4,6-tri-bromophenol) the possibility of electrochemical detection of 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A in oxidation mode is reported for the first time. The isocratic separation was achieved within 14 min using ternary mobile phase consisting of 50mM-phosphate buffer (pH 3.

Electrochemical sensing of total antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content in wine samples using amperometry online-coupled with microdialysis.

This work describes the method for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and/or total content of phenolics (TCP) analysis in wines using microdialysis online-coupled with amperometric detection using a carbon microfiber working electrode. The system was tested on 10 selected wine samples, and the results were compared with total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and chemiluminescent determination of total antioxidant capacity (CL-TAC) methods using Trolox and catechin as standards. Microdialysis online-coupled with amperometric detection gives similar results to the widely used cyclic voltammetry methodology and closely correlates with ORAC and TRAP.

Electrochemical behavior and determination of rutin on modified carbon paste electrodes.

The performances of ionic liquid (1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, IL/CPE) and iron phthalocyanine (IP/CPE) modified carbon paste electrodes in electroanalytical determinations of rutin were evaluated and compared to the performance of unmodified carbon paste electrode (CPE). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV), and amperometry were used for rutin analysis. The best current responses of rutin were obtained at pH 4.

Electrochemically pretreated carbon microfiber electrodes as sensitive HPLC-EC detectors.

The paper focuses on the analysis and detection of electroactive compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with electrochemical detection (EC). The fabrication and utilization of electrochemically treated carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMs) as highly sensitive amperometric detectors in HPLC are described. The applied pretreatment procedure is beneficial for analytical characteristics of the sensor as demonstrated by analysis of the model set of phenolic acids.