Differential Dynamics of the Levels of Low Molecular Weight DNA Fragments in the Plasma of Patients With Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Strokes.

Introduction: To evaluate Low-Molecular-weight (LMW) DNA as a possible prognostic biomarker in acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Methods: LMW DNA samples were isolated from plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by phenol deproteinization, analyzed by gradient polyacrylamide electrophoresis and quantified by spectrophotometry.

Results: Two common types of stroke, i.

Cisplatin effect on digital cytomorphometric and bioinformatic tumor cell characteristics in rat ovarian cancer model-a preliminary study.

Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common diseases of the female reproductive system. The aim of this study was the investigation of the antitumor cisplatin effect on ascitic fluid tumor cells in the ovarian cancer experimental model by digital cytomorphometry and cell bioinformatic analysis.

Methods: Female Wistar rats were inoculated by ovarian cancer strain.

Old Rats Are More Susceptible to Induction of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) at Comparative to Young Mature.

Aims: The aim of the experiments was to find out the factors on which age-related sensitivity to the occurrence of BPH depends.

Methods: 45 Male Wistar rats aged 3 and 24 months were used. In each age group, there were intact rats and animals with induced BPH (by surgical castration + testosterone injections, 25 mg/kg x 7).

Efficacy of Gemcitabine on Intracranial Erlich Tumor and its Determinants.

Gemcitabine is quite effective in the treatment of brain tumors, although this drug has a limited ability to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Aim of study is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine and other drugs with different permeability of BBB in the model of intracranial tumor. The therapeutic activity of gemcitabine, carmustine, cyclophosphamide and cisplatin was studied in mice with intracranially implanted Ehrlich tumor, and also gemcitabine in various doses - with intramuscularly implanted tumor.

Enchancement of Toremifene Anti-Tumor Action by Metformin and Unusual Side Effect of Toremifene in Male Transgenic Mice with HER2-Positive Breast Tumor.

HER2-positive breast tumors are found in 25-30% of patients with breast cancer and are characterized by aggressive course and reduced sensitivity to both chemotherapy and hormone therapy. The aim of the work was to study the possibilities of enhancing the therapeutic effect of anti-estrogen drug toremifene by combining it with biguanide, metformin, on the HER2-positive breast cancer model in FVB/N HER-2/neu transgenic mouse. Male FBV/N mice with intramuscularly transplanted HER2-positive mammary gland tumor from a female mouse of the same strain have been given toremifene (30 mg/kg, orally daily) or metformin (100 mg/kg, orally daily) that had a moderate antitumor effect (decrease the area under the kinetic curve of tumor growth by 1.

Iodine Bonded with Milk Protein Inhibits Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Development in Rats.

Background: There is some evidence that Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer, so conducting research on effective BPH inhibitors is important.

Objective: This research studied the inhibitory effect of Iodized Serum Milk Protein (ISMP) on BPH in rats. ISMP is a concentrate of lactic protein containing 2.

The inhibitory effect of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. on colorectal carcinogenesis induced in rats by methylnitrosourea.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) is a medicinal plant with a variety of therapeutic properties, traditionally used in various diseases including treatment and prevention of tumors.

Inhibitory Effect of Filipendula ulmaria on Mammary Carcinogenesis Induced by Local Administration of Methylnitrosourea to Target Organ in Rats.

Background: The meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) may have a cancer prophylactic activity, since its extracts exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other effects.

The Effects of Low-Frequency Noise on Rats: Evidence of Chromosomal Aberrations in the Bone Marrow Cells and the Release of Low-Molecular-Weight DNA in the Blood Plasma.

Objectives: Evaluation of the effect of low-frequency noise (LFN) on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow cells and on the content of low-molecular-weight DNA (lmwDNA) in the blood plasma of rats.

Materials And Methods: A total of 96 male Wistar rats were exposed to either single (17 min session) or multiple (17 min session repeated five times a week for 13 weeks) LFN, with the maximum range below 250 Hz and the sound pressure levels (SPLs) at 120 and 150 dB, respectively. The rats in the control groups were not subjected to any impact.

Comparative efficacy evaluation of catheter intraperitoneal chemotherapy, normothermic and hyperthermic chemoperfusion in a rat model of ascitic ovarian cancer.

Objectives: The choice of an optimal administration route for intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy and a suitable chemotherapeutic regime in the treatment of ovarian cancer remains a controversy. We investigated survival outcomes according to catheter intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CIPC), normothermic and hyperthermic chemoperfusion (NIPEC and HIPEC) with cytostatic drugs dioxadet and cisplatin in rats with transplantable ascitic ovarian cancer.

Methods: Ascitic liquid containing 1 × 10 tumour cells was inoculated to female Wistar rats and 48 hours after rats received dioxadet and cisplatin at the maximum tolerated doses.

Conifer Green Needle Complex in Patients with Precancerous Gastric Lesions: An Observational Pilot Study.

. infection is common and can lead to precancerous gastric lesions. Standard antibiotic therapy has a failure rate of more than 25% from antibiotic resistance.

The inhibiting activity of meadowsweet extract on neurocarcinogenesis induced transplacentally in rats by ethylnitrosourea.

Inhibitory activity of a decoction of meadowsweet, given postnatally, was studied in rats at risk for neurogenic and renal tumors initiated by transplacental exposure to ethylnitrosourea (ENU). Chemical analysis of ethanol and aqueous extracts of meadowsweet has shown high content of biologically active flavonoids and tannins. Pregnant rats of LIO strain were given a single i.

The inhibitory effect of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) on radiation-induced carcinogenesis in rats.

Purpose: To examine the ability of the meadowsweet preparation to inhibit carcinogenesis induced by ionizing radiation in female rats.

Materials And Methods: The chemical composition of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) raw material (ethanol and aqueous extracts of meadowsweet flowers) has been studied for the presence of flavonoids, tannins and catechins. Adult female LIO strain rats were subjected to a single whole body γ-irradiation at a dose of 4 Gy in animal experiments.

Heterochromatic Tandem Repeats in the Extracellular DNA.

Only limited sequencing data of the normal extracellular DNA (ecDNA) are currently available. The uptake of the ecDNA by cultured cells and its integration into the host chromatin have been demonstrated. A number of membrane-bearing vesicles in plasma and serum have been shown to carry nucleic acids.

Comparative Analysis of Harmful Physical Factors Effect on the Cell Genome.

Exposure to either to low-frequency noise or ionizing radiation causes an increase in the number of chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow cells and the level of low-molecular-weight DNA in the blood plasma of experimental animals. The dynamics of the content of low-molecular-weight DNA increasing after exposure to low-frequency noise and ionizing radiation differs significantly. Both exposures are able to provide a direct damaging effect on DNA.

Both heat and new chemotherapeutic drug dioxadet in hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion improved survival in rat ovarian cancer model.

Background And Objectives: Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) at the time of Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) is an actively researched treatment in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Relative contribution of heat and chemotherapeutic agents during HIPEC as well as efficacy of a new agent dioxadet for regional chemotherapy in a rat model of ovarian cancer was studied.

Methods: Sixty rats were divided into three groups: no treatment control group (n = 19), hyperthermia without chemotherapy (HIPEP) (n = 14), HIPEC + cisplatin (n = 14), HIPEC + dioxadet (n = 13).

Radioprotective combination of α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid promotes apoptosis that is evident by release of low-molecular weight DNA fragments into circulation.

Purpose: Genotoxic stresses, including irradiation, lead to the apoptosis of damaged cells and the release of DNA fragments into circulation. Both α-tocopherol acetate and ascorbic acid possess antioxidant and radioprotective properties. Interestingly, depending on a particular experimental system, the treatment with vitamins may demonstrate either apoptosis-promoting or apoptosis-suppressing effects.

Experimental study of antitumour activity and effects on leukocyte count of intraperitoneal administration and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC) with dioxadet in a rat model of ovarian cancer.

Survival of rats with advanced ovarian cancer after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC) with dioxadet and effects of these treatment modalities on leukocyte count were evaluated in two independent series of experiments.

Anticarcinogenic activity of alpha-difluoromethylornithine, ginseng, eleutherococcus, and leuzea on radiation-induced carcinogenesis in female rats.

Purpose: To carry out a comparative study of inhibition of radiation carcinogenesis using alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), tinctures of ginseng, eleutherococcus and leuzea in female rats.

Materials And Methods: Locally bred female LIO-strain rats were subjected to a single whole body γ-irradiation dose of 4 Gy at 12 weeks of age. Modifying drugs were given with drinking water from the 10th day after irradiation until the end of the experiment (for 16 months).

Rodent models for the preclinical evaluation of drugs suitable for pharmacological intervention in aging.

Introduction: There is a growing scientific and public interest in the development of new antiaging drugs for the purposes of extending mean and/or maximum life span, maintaining normal physiological function, and alleviating the onset and severity of age-associated diseases. This review looks at the current screening approaches used to evaluate the efficacy of such compounds, with a particular focus on those that extend life span.

Areas Covered: This article reviews the current preclinical approaches for assessing longevity therapy including the assessment of antiaging drugs (aging reversal) and geroprotectors (drugs that prevent premature aging and/or slowdown or postpone aging).