Complete mitochondrial genome of the phenotypically-diverse sea urchin (Strongylocentrotidae, Echinoidea).

The complete mitochondrial genomes are sequenced in two individuals representing two morphological forms, 'usual' (U) and 'gray' (G), of the short-spined sea urchin . The genome sequences are 15,705 bp in size, and the gene arrangement, composition, and size are very similar to the other sea urchin mitochondrial genomes published previously. A low level of sequence divergence (  = 0.

DNA polymorphism and selection at the bindin locus in three Strongylocentrotus sp. (Echinoidea).

Background: The sperm gene bindin encodes a gamete recognition protein, which plays an important role in conspecific fertilization and reproductive isolation of sea urchins. Molecular evolution of the gene has been extensively investigated with the attention focused on the protein coding regions. Intron evolution has been investigated to a much lesser extent.

DNA variation and symbiotic associations in phenotypically diverse sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius.

Strongylocentrotus intermedius (A. Agassiz, 1863) is an economically important sea urchin inhabiting the northwest Pacific region of Asia. The northern Primorye (Sea of Japan) populations of S.