Translation and cultural adaptation of the Long Coronavirus Disease (COVID) Symptom and Impact Tools for the Chilean population.

Introduction: The Long Coronavirus Disease (COVID) Symptom and Impact Tools (ST and IT) were published in English in 2022 to monitor the symptoms and impact of persistent COVID-19. ST includes 53 symptoms selected by the patient. IT includes six aspects of life that the patient must rate from 1 to 10 points.

Estimates for diagnostic accuracy of rapid antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2 in systematic reviews are consistently similar despite poor methodological rigor: a methodological overview.

Objectives: To evaluate the design, conduct, and analysis of systematic reviews on the diagnostic accuracy of rapid antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Study Design And Setting: We did a methodological overview of systematic reviews on diagnostic test accuracy, exploring methodological rigor, risk of bias and potential factors of between-review variability.

Results: Of the 31 included reviews, 30 provided summary statistics for sensitivity and 29 for specificity.

P2X7 Receptor in Dendritic Cells and Macrophages: Implications in Antigen Presentation and T Lymphocyte Activation.

The P2X7 receptor, a member of the P2X purinergic receptor family, is a non-selective ion channel. Over the years, it has been associated with various biological functions, from modulating to regulating inflammation. However, its emerging role in antigen presentation has captured the scientific community's attention.

SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune response in patients with cardiovascular risk factors: The COmmunity Cohort Study.

Based on the recommendations of the Vaccine Advisory Committee and the National Immunization Program, Chile implemented an early vaccination process of the population with vaccines from different laboratories. The study of neutralizing antibody levels in different population subgroups contributes to the establishment of correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In 2022 and 2023 we set up a community cohort of 914 adults with cardiovascular risk factors.

Exploring physicians' perception of diagnostic information in clinical practice.

A well-informed diagnostic process results in better health outcomes and less overdiagnosis. While there have been studies conducted to explore doctors' knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding diagnostic test information, there are no reports from Latin America. We invited physician readers of a Latin American medical journal to answer a survey on their professional and demographic characteristics and previous exposure to diagnostic information training.

An exploratory study of citations in systematic reviews of randomized trials published in Latin American journals.

Introduction: The prevalence of inclusion of randomized controlled trials published in Latin American journals has not been evaluated yet. This study explores the extent to which randomized trials published in Latin American medical journals are cited and used in systematic reviews.

Methods: We did a descriptive observational study on randomized trials published in MEDLINE-indexed Latin American journals from 2010 to 2015.

SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune response in patients with cardiovascular risk factors: the COmmunity Cohort Study protocol.

Introduction: The COmmunity Cohort Study aims to determine, after natural exposure to SARS-CoV-2 or anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines deployed in Chile to prevent COVID-19 in the context of the current pandemic, the strength and duration of detectable neutralising antibodies in adult ambulatory primary care patients with cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods And Analysis: We will set up a community-based longitudinal, prospective cohort study. The study will be conducted in two public outpatient clinics located in the southern district of Santiago, Chile.

Respondent-driven sampling: Advantages and disadvantages from a sampling method.

This article summarizes the main elements, advantages, and disadvantages of Respondent-driven Sampling (RDS). Some criticisms regarding the feasibility of the inherent assumptions, their point estimators, and the obtained variances are pointed out. This article also comments on the problems observed in the quality of reports.

A multiyear systematic survey of the quality of reporting for randomised trials in dentistry, neurology and geriatrics published in journals of Spain and Latin America.

Background: The Iberoamerican Cochrane Network is currently developing an extensive project to identify Spanish-language journals that publish original clinical research in Spain and Latin America. The project is called BADERI (Database of Iberoamerican Essays and Journal) and feeds the research articles, mainly randomised clinical trials (RCTs), into CENTRAL (Cochrane Collaboration Central Register of Controlled Trials). This study aims to assess the quality of reporting of RCTs published in Spanish and Latin American journals for three clinical fields and assess changes over time.

What we know and dont know on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has had an enormous impact on public health worldwide due to its rapid spread and pandemic behavior, challenges in its control and mitigation, and few therapeutic alternatives. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentation, and diagnostic techniques. In addition, the main lineages and the different strategies for disease prevention are reviewed, with emphasis on the development of vaccines and their different platforms.

Quality of reporting for randomised clinical trials published in Latin American and Spanish journals: A protocol for a systematic survey of three clinical specialities.

Introduction: Quality of reporting refers to how published articles communicate how the research was done and what was found. Gaps and imprecisions of reporting hamper the assessment of the methodological quality and internal and external validity. The CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) are a set of evidence-based recommendations of the minimum elements to be included in the reporting of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to ensure a complete and transparent account of what was done, how it was done and what was found.

Do we know the diagnostic properties of the tests used in COVID-19? A rapid review of recently published literature.

COVID-19 has brought death and disease to large parts of the world. Governments must deploy strategies to screen the population and subsequently isolate the suspect cases. Diagnostic testing is critical for epidemiological surveillance, but the accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) and clinical utility (impact on health outcomes) of the current diagnostic methods used for SARS-CoV-2 detection are not known.

Violence and burnout in health care emergency workers in Santiago, Chile: A survey-based cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: Shortage of quantitative studies regarding health risks for emergency services workers is a concern for Chilean's occupational health organizations.

Objective: To explore the incidence of violence and burnout in emergency services of the Metropolitan Region of Chile, and associations with workers' characteristics and workplace conditions.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from January to August 2016.

Smoking and obesity in Chile's Third National Health Survey: light and shade.

The Chilean Ministry of Health recently disclosed the first results of the 2016-2017 National Health Survey (Encuesta Nacional de Salud, ENS). The survey was cross-sectional and used a multistage stratified random sampling strategy resulting in a final sample of 6 233 persons ≥ 15 years old, with national, regional, and urban/rural representativeness. The survey results show consistent reductions in tobacco consumption compared to previous national health surveys (ENS 2003 and ENS 2009-2010), most likely due to stringent tobacco control policies enacted in the last 10 years.

A systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce motor vehicle crashes and their injuries among the general and working populations.

Objective: To summarize the best available international scientific evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to reduce motor vehicle collisions and their consequences among the working and general populations.

Methods: A broad and systematic review was conducted of the literature available in biomedical databases and grey literature. At least two investigators working in parallel performed data extraction, synthesis, and risk of bias analysis.

Author misrepresentation of institutional affiliations: protocol for an exploratory case study.

Introduction: University ranking systems and the publish-or-perish dictum, among other factors, are driving universities and researchers around the world to increase their research productivity. Authors frequently report multiple affiliations in published articles. It is not known if the reported institutional affiliations are real affiliations, which is when the universities have contributed substantially to the research conducted and to the published manuscript.