Interprofessional delivery of Read It Again - KindergartenQ!: Classroom, educator, and child outcomes of an Australian pilot study.

Purpose: Australian Early Development Census (AEDC) data for the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) indicates a concerning increase in the proportion of children who are at risk or developmentally vulnerable in the domains of communication and general knowledge, and language and cognitive skills. This study investigated the effectiveness of speech-language pathologist and educator collaboration to build educator capacity to promote oral language and emergent literacy skills in preschool children.

Method: A quasi-experimental, pre-test post-test design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of interprofessional delivery of on (a) children's oral language and emergent literacy outcomes, (b) educators' oral language and emergent literacy instructional practices, and (c) quality of the classroom environment.

A cellular platform for production of C monomers.

Living organisms carry out a wide range of remarkable functions, including the synthesis of thousands of simple and complex chemical structures for cellular growth and maintenance. The manipulation of this reaction network has allowed for the genetic engineering of cells for targeted chemical synthesis, but it remains challenging to alter the program underlying their fundamental chemical behavior. By taking advantage of the unique ability of living systems to use evolution to find solutions to complex problems, we have achieved yields of up to ∼95% for three C commodity chemicals, -butanol, 1,3-butanediol, and 4-hydroxy-2-butanone.

Erythroferrone contributes to iron mobilization for embryo erythropoiesis in iron-deficient mouse pregnancies.

Erythroferrone (ERFE) is an erythroblast-secreted regulator of iron metabolism. The production of ERFE increases during stress erythropoiesis, leading to decreased hepcidin expression and mobilization of iron. Pregnancy requires a substantial increase in iron availability to sustain maternal erythropoietic expansion and fetal development and is commonly affected by iron deficiency.

Distinct transcriptomic response to Newcastle disease virus infection during heat stress in chicken tracheal epithelial tissue.

Newcastle disease (ND) has a great impact on poultry health and welfare with its most virulent (velogenic) strain. In addition, issues exacerbated by the increase in global temperatures necessitates a greater understanding of the host immune response when facing a combination of biotic and abiotic stress factors in poultry production. Previous investigations have revealed that the host immune response is tissue-specific.

Functional responses between PMP3 small membrane proteins and membrane potential.

The Plasma Membrane Proteolipid 3 (PMP3, UPF0057 family in Uniprot) family consists of abundant small hydrophobic polypeptides with two predicted transmembrane helices. Plant homologues were upregulated in response to drought/salt-stresses and yeast deletion mutants exhibited conditional growth defects. We report here abundant expression of Group I PMP3 homologues (PMP3(i)hs) during normal vegetative growth in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, at a level comparable to housekeeping genes, implicating the regular cellular functions.

Perceptions of risk and reward in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers choosing salpingectomy for ovarian cancer prevention.

Salpingectomy with interval oophorectomy has gained traction as an ovarian cancer prevention strategy, but is not currently recommended for high risk women. Nevertheless, some choose this approach. We aimed to understand risk perception and plans for oophorectomy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA) mutation carriers choosing salpingectomy for ovarian cancer prevention.

Integrated Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Differential Expression of Chicken Lung Tissue in Response to NDV Infection during Heat Stress.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a devastating worldwide poultry pathogen with major implications for global food security. In this study, two highly inbred and genetically distinct chicken lines, Fayoumis and Leghorns, were exposed to a lentogenic strain of NDV, while under the effects of heat stress, in order to understand the genetic mechanisms of resistance during high ambient temperatures. Fayoumis, which are relatively more resistant to pathogens than Leghorns, had larger numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the early stages of infection when compared to Leghorns and subsequently down-regulated their immune response at the latter stages to return to homeostasis.

Noncytotoxic-Related Primary Ovarian Insufficiency in Adolescents: Multicenter Case Series and Review.

Study Objective: Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in adolescents not due to cytotoxic therapy has not been well studied. Causes of POI have been described in adults, but adolescents might represent a unique subset necessitating a targeted approach to diagnosis, workup, and treatment. We sought to better characterize adolescent POI through a descriptive multicenter study.

Role for ribosome-associated complex and stress-seventy subfamily B (RAC-Ssb) in integral membrane protein translation.

Targeting of most integral membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum is controlled by the signal recognition particle, which recognizes a hydrophobic signal sequence near the protein N terminus. Proper folding of these proteins is monitored by the unfolded protein response and involves protein degradation pathways to ensure quality control. Here, we identify a new pathway for quality control of major facilitator superfamily transporters that occurs before the first transmembrane helix, the signal sequence recognized by the signal recognition particle, is made by the ribosome.

Screening of transporters to improve xylodextrin utilization in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The economic production of cellulosic biofuel requires efficient and full utilization of all abundant carbohydrates naturally released from plant biomass by enzyme cocktails. Recently, we reconstituted the Neurospora crassa xylodextrin transport and consumption system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, enabling growth of yeast on xylodextrins aerobically. However, the consumption rate of xylodextrin requires improvement for industrial applications, including consumption in anaerobic conditions.

Cellobionic acid utilization: from Neurospora crassa to Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Background: Economical production of fuels and chemicals from plant biomass requires the efficient use of sugars derived from the plant cell wall. Neurospora crassa, a model lignocellulosic degrading fungus, is capable of breaking down the complex structure of the plant cell wall. In addition to cellulases and hemicellulases, N.

Expanding xylose metabolism in yeast for plant cell wall conversion to biofuels.

Sustainable biofuel production from renewable biomass will require the efficient and complete use of all abundant sugars in the plant cell wall. Using the cellulolytic fungus Neurospora crassa as a model, we identified a xylodextrin transport and consumption pathway required for its growth on hemicellulose. Reconstitution of this xylodextrin utilization pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that fungal xylose reductases act as xylodextrin reductases, producing xylosyl-xylitol oligomers as metabolic intermediates.

Anti-proliferative activities of sinigrin on carcinogen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. A very high incidence of new liver cancer cases is diagnosed every year, and metastasis has been found to correlate to poor prognoses in humans. Better treatments for liver cancer are thus clearly needed.

Tetrandrine inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through the caspase pathway and G2/M phase.

Activation of p53-independent pathways plays an important role in phytochemical-induced apoptosis and is considered to be a crucial factor in the invasion and metastasis of cancer. Previous studies have shown that combined effects of Stephania tetrandra with medicinal herbs exhibit beneficial effects in cancer patients. Tetrandrine, an active component of Stephania tetrandra has been reported to have anticancer properties in cancer cells.

Balloon catheter dilatation of Eustachian tube: a preliminary study.

Objective: Eustachian tube dysfunction is a common problem and transnasal endoscopic balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube (ET) is a new surgical technique. The goal of this study is to review the evolution of this novel technique and study the preliminary outcomes.

Subjects And Methods: Balloon catheter dilation of the 100 Eustachian tubes in 70 adults was performed at a tertiary medical center from January 2009 to January 2011.

Active phytochemicals from Chinese herbs as therapeutic agents for the heart.

Naturally occurring plant alkaloids, in particular those identified from herbal medicines, are finding therapeutic use. Heart diseases can be well managed with specific formulations of herbal medicines. The combined action of multiple constituents of herbal medicines works with therapeutic benefits in humans.

Recombinant expression of His-tagged saposin B and pH-dependent binding to the lipid coenzyme Q10.

The use of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been increasing rapidly during recent years due to its postulated beneficial properties in human health, providing energy and antioxidant protection. There are no known negative side effects of CoQ10 even at very high levels. Recently, native saposin B (sapB) has been shown to bind CoQ10 and subsequently be excreted.

Effect of sialodacryoadenitis virus infection on axonal regeneration.

The effect of sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV) infection on axonal regeneration and functional recovery was investigated in male Lewis rats. Animals underwent unilateral tibial nerve transection, immediate repair, and treatment with either FK506 (treated) or control vehicle (untreated). Serial walking track analyses were performed to assess functional recovery.

A feasibility study to evaluate a novel drug delivery technique through nasal/sinus mucosa using a biodegradable polymer in a guinea pig model.

Objective: Targeted topical pharmaceuticals have fewer side effects than systemic therapy and present an interesting option to treat chronic sinus disease. A simple, dependable, resorbable drug delivery mechanism has been elusive. The goal of this study is to examine the feasibility of a novel bioresorbable synthetic polymer for drug delivery in nose and sinuses.

Interstitial delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor to skin flaps.

Objectives: To demonstrate the feasibility of using microporous catheters to deliver a growth factor in a skin flap model, and to determine whether removal of excess fluid by ultrafiltration catheters reduces edema.

Methods: In a controlled study at a research laboratory associated with major teaching hospital, vascular endothelial growth factor was delivered to porcine skin flaps by direct infusion using hollow fiber catheters. Treated flaps received either infusion alone or infusion and ultrafiltration via hollow fibers inserted into the distal portion of the flap.

A preliminary theoretical model of hydrodynamics in the inner ear.

Head movement should create a transient pressure imbalance across the membranous inner ear. We used basic concepts of fluid dynamics to develop a theoretical model of the inner ear. According to this model, two contiguous fluidic systems-the perilymphatic system and the endolymphatic system-are in hydrostatic equilibrium across a compliant membrane.

SET8 plays a role in controlling G1/S transition by blocking lysine acetylation in histone through binding to H4 N-terminal tail.

We report evidence suggesting that methyltransferase SET8 plays a novel role in regulating cell cycle by suppressing DNA replication through histone binding. First, the distribution of SET8 is strongly cell cycle-dependent. SET8 was concentrated in the nucleus during G(1) and G(2) phases, and was excluded from the nucleus during S phase.

Cervical Cancer Screening for the Reluctant - HPV Testing of Air-Dried Vaginal Discharge.

Despite the availability of the PAP test, cervical cancer continues to cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Many women default cervical cytology for a variety of reasons. This demands the development of alternative screening strategies, such as HPV testing on self-procured cervical-vaginal specimens in order to capture this group of women.

Delayed nerve repair is associated with diminished neuroenhancement by FK506.

Objectives/hypothesis: The immunosuppressive agent FK506 has been shown in many studies to enhance nerve regeneration and to accelerate functional recovery after immediate nerve repair. However, in clinical practice the diagnosis and treatment of patients with peripheral nerve injuries is often delayed. The study investigated whether FK506 would retain its neuroregenerative properties when nerve repair and initiation of FK506 therapy were delayed for 7 days.