Handgrip strength assessment at baseline in addition to bone parameters could potentially predict the risk of curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Introduction: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is characterized by deranged bone and muscle qualities, which are important prognostic factors for curve progression. This retrospective case-control study aims to investigate whether the baseline muscle parameters, in addition to the bone parameters, could predict curve progression in AIS.

Methods: The study included a cohort of 126 female patients diagnosed with AIS who were between the ages of 12 and 14 years old at their initial clinical visit.

More Prevalent and Severe Low Bone-Mineral Density in Boys with Severe Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Than Girls: A Retrospective Study of 798 Surgical Patients.

Introduction: A total of 0.1-0.8% of AIS patients progress to severe stages without clear mechanisms, and AIS girls are more prone to curve progression than boys.

Gait speed and spasticity are independently associated with estimated failure load in the distal tibia after stroke: an HR-pQCT study.

Unlabelled: This HR-pQCT study was conducted to examine bone properties of the distal tibia post-stroke and to identify clinical outcomes that were associated with these properties at this site. It was found that spasticity and gait speed were independently associated with estimated failure load in individuals with chronic stroke.

Purpose: (1) To examine the influence of stroke on distal tibia bone properties and (2) the association between these properties and clinical outcomes in people with chronic stroke.

Global sagittal alignment after surgery of right thoracic idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents and adults with and without thoracic hypokyphosis.

This study aimed to characterize global sagittal alignment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with normal kyphosis (NTK, kyphosis > 10°) and with thoracic hypokyphosis (THK, kyphosis < 10°), before and after posterior spinal fusion, and compare them with asymptomatic controls. 27 AIS girls and young adults with right thoracic curves were included (seventeen with age ≤ 18 years, then age > 21). Biplanar radiographies were acquired at baseline, immediate post-operatively, 1-year and 2-year follow-up, and 3D reconstruction of the spine and pelvis was performed.

Determinants of estimated failure load in the distal radius after stroke: An HR-pQCT study.

Bone health is often compromised after stroke and the distal radius is a common site of fragility fractures. The macro- and mircoproperties of bone tissue after stroke and their clinical correlates are understudied. The objectives of the study were to use High-Resolution peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HR-pQCT) to investigate the bone properties at the distal radius, and to identify the correlates of estimated failure load for the distal radius in people with chronic stroke.

Persistent low-normal bone mineral density in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with different curve severity: A longitudinal study from presentation to beyond skeletal maturity and peak bone mass.

Objectives: Low bone mineral status has been reported in patients first presented with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). We aimed to study whether low-normal bone mineral density (BMD) is persistent among AIS girls during puberty and at peak bone mass, and whether if such persistence is associated with curve severity and differed from healthy controls.

Method: This prospective longitudinal study comprised 550 AIS girls and 194 healthy control subjects followed from 1997 till 2016.

Bone measurements at multiple skeletal sites in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis-an in vivo correlation study using DXA, HR-pQCT and QCT.

Unlabelled: Significant correlations for bone mineral density and bone microstructure between spinal and non-spinal skeletal sites (distal radius and proximal femur) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients were observed, indicating that proximal femoral DXA and distal radial HR-pQCT could provide valid clinical assessments in patients with AIS.

Purpose: Low bone mass is an important feature of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), which is a complex 3D spinal deformity that affects girls during puberty. However, no clinical imaging modality is suitable for regular monitoring on their spinal bone qualities in rapid growth period.

Sexual Dimorphism in Cortical and Trabecular Bone Microstructure Appears During Puberty in Chinese Children.

Distal forearm fractures during growth are more common in males than females. Because metaphyseal cortical bone is formed by coalescence of trabeculae emerging from the periphery of the growth plate, we hypothesized that the later onset of puberty in males produces a longer delay in trabecular bone formation and coalescence, which leaves a transient phase of high cortical porosity, low matrix mineral density, and high trabecular density relative to females. We quantified the nondominant distal radial microstructure using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in 214 healthy Chinese boys and 219 Chinese girls aged between 7 and 17 years living in Hong Kong.

Prognostic Value of Bone Mineral Density on Curve Progression: A Longitudinal Cohort Study of 513 Girls with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Osteopenia has been found to occur in about 30% of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) patients. This study aimed to investigate its prognostic value on the risk of curve progression to surgical threshold. Newly diagnosed AIS girls (N = 513) with Cobb angle 10°-40° were recruited with follow-up till maturity.

Value of Measuring Bone Microarchitecture in Fracture Discrimination in Older Women with Recent Hip Fracture: A Case-control Study with HR-pQCT.

We aimed to determine whether loss of volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and deterioration of microarchitecture imaged by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the distal radius/tibia provided additional information in fracture discrimination in postmenopausal women with recent hip fracture. This case-control study involved 24 postmenopausal Chinese women with unilateral femoral neck fracture (average [SD] age: 79.6[5.

Are volumetric bone mineral density and bone micro-architecture associated with leptin and soluble leptin receptor levels in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?--A case-control study.

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD). The underlying etiology and how it may relate to the development of osteopenia remains unknown. Leptin has been postulated as one of the etiologic factors of AIS because of its profound effects on bone metabolism and pubertal growth.

Quantitative ultrasound for predicting curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective cohort study of 294 cases followed-up beyond skeletal maturity.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is prevalent among adolescents and can carry significant morbidities. We evaluated the use of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) for predicting curve progression in patients with AIS. We recruited 294 girls with AIS at a mean age of 13.

Structure and strength of the distal radius in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a case-control study.

The purpose of this work was to investigate the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), bone microstructure, and mechanical indices of the distal radius in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We report a cross-sectional study of 66 middle-aged female RA patients and 66 age-matched healthy females. Areal BMD (aBMD) of the hip, lumbar spine, and distal radius was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Bone density and microarchitecture: relationship between hand, peripheral, and axial skeletal sites assessed by HR-pQCT and DXA in rheumatoid arthritis.

We assessed the relationship of bone density and microarchitecture between hand, peripheral, and axial skeletal sites using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and which factors influence these parameters. This was a cross-sectional study of 100 female patients (53.4 ± 9.

Abnormal skeletal growth patterns in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis--a longitudinal study until skeletal maturity.

Study Design: A cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal study on the anthropometric parameters and growth pattern of girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Objective: To investigate the growth pattern of girls with AIS with different severities, using cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal data set in comparison with age-matched healthy controls.

Summary Of Background Data: AIS occurs in children during their pubertal growth spurt.

Fast and accurate 3-D registration of HR-pQCT images.

High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) is a new noninvasive bone imaging technology that generates high-resolution 3-D images for quantitatively analysis of the bone microarchitecture in human. To enable quantitative evaluation of bone changes, either bone gain or loss, accurate alignment between the baseline and follow-up scans of the same individual is necessary. The major difficulties in achieving efficient and automatic registration of the HR-pQCT data are the large data size, deformations in the nonskeletal structures, and the complexity of the trabecular bone geometry.

Rat lumbar vertebrae bone densitometry using multidetector CT.

Peripheral quantitative CT (pQCT) is the main method of bone mineral density (BMD) measurement in small animals. However, pQCT is usually only available in specialized centers, while clinical multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is much more widely available. This study investigated the feasibility of using clinical 64-slice MDCT for measuring the BMD of rat lumbar vertebrae.