End-tidal CO and transcutaneous CO : Are we ready to replace arterial CO in awake children?

Introduction: Arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) is the gold standard test for carbon dioxide measurement. End-tidal PCO (PetCO ) and transcutaneous PCO (PtcCO ) are noninvasive alternative methods.

Objective: To examine the use of PetCO and PtcCO as PaCO surrogates in awake children.

Feasibility of a pediatric long-term Home Ventilation Program in Argentina: 11 years' experience.

Background: Pediatric home ventilation (HV) has increased worldwide. A Home Ventilation Program (HVP) was started in the Pulmonary Department of the "Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr.

[Obstructive sleep apneas in symptomatic obese children: polisomnographic confirmation and its association with disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism].

Introduction: It has been shown that obesity is a risk factor for Obstructive Sleep Apneas (OSA) and that it could be related to insulin resistance (IR).

Objective: To establish the frequency of OSA in obese children and adolescents with suggestive symptoms of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) by polisomnografic study (PSG) and to clinically characterize the groups with and without OSA, and their association with IR.

Patients, Material And Methods: Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study in patients with obesity and symptoms of SDB examined in the Hospital Nacional de Pediatría "Prof.

Clinical-etiologic correlation in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS): an interdisciplinary study.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisystemic disorder caused by the loss of expression of paternally transcribed genes within chromosome 15q11-q13. Most cases are due to paternal deletion of this region; the remaining cases result from maternal uniparental disomy (UPD) and imprinting defects. To better understand the phenotypic variability of PWS, a genotype-phenotype correlation study was performed in 91 children with PWS.

Relevance of a portable spirometer for detection of small airways obstruction.

While portable spirometers are increasingly used, little attention has been paid to test their validity for measurement of flows in small airways. The aim of this study was to compare the Spirotel portable spirometer to a laboratory spirometer (Jeager PFT), with regard to accuracy in measuring forced expiratory flows, and more specifically those influenced by small airways (FEF(25-75)). Fifty-nine children (mean age, 12 years; range, 7-17), were studied at baseline and after a bronchodilator inhalation.

Sleep desaturation: comparison of two oximeters.

Oxygen saturation is measured by pulse oximetry during sleep studies. Body movements and peripheral vasoconstriction related to respiratory events may interfere with measurements by conventional oximeters. Our objective was to compare the detection rate of sleep desaturations by two oximeters, one of which used new motion-resistant technology.

Use of nasal cannula for detecting sleep apneas and hypopneas in infants and children.

We evaluated tolerance of nasal cannula (NC) by 14 infants (median age, 2.6 months) and 16 children (median age, 5.5 years) with suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and compared the efficacy of the NC with that of a nasobuccal thermistor in detecting obstructive apneas (OA) and obstructive hypopneas (OH) on polysomnography traces.