Network Analysis of Women in Otolaryngology and Demographic Trends.

Objective: This study analyzes gender disparities between men and women otolaryngology faculty in the top 20 otolaryngology departments ranked by research output and discusses the implications of these disparities.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of all articles published by faculty from January 2020 to December 2021 at the top 20 otolaryngology departments as ranked by Doximity's 2022 research output report. Integrated data from Web of Science, faculty directories, and NIH RePORT were used to collect data on faculty.

Closing the Loop on Revision: The Impact of Emotional Well-being on Elective Revision After Breast Reconstruction.

Background: A diagnosis of breast cancer has a significant impact on a patient's physical and emotional health. Breast reconstruction improves quality of life and self-esteem following mastectomy. However, many patients undergo additional elective revision procedures after reconstruction.

Recalibration of a Deep Learning Model for Low-Dose Computed Tomographic Images to Inform Lung Cancer Screening Intervals.

Importance: Annual low-dose computed tomographic (LDCT) screening reduces lung cancer mortality, but harms could be reduced and cost-effectiveness improved by reusing the LDCT image in conjunction with deep learning or statistical models to identify low-risk individuals for biennial screening.

Objective: To identify low-risk individuals in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) and estimate, had they been assigned a biennial screening, how many lung cancers would have been delayed 1 year in diagnosis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This diagnostic study included participants with a presumed nonmalignant lung nodule in the NLST between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2004, with follow-up completed on December 31, 2009.

Presence of refractory GERD-like symptoms following laparoscopic fundoplication is rarely indicative of true recurrent GERD.

Background: Laparoscopic fundoplication (LF) is the gold standard for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Recurrent GERD is a known complication; however, the incidence of recurrent GERD-like symptoms and long-term fundoplication failure is rarely reported. Our objective was to identify the rate of recurrent pathologic GERD in patients with GERD-like symptoms following fundoplication.

A longitudinal cadaver-based simulation curriculum creates sustainable increases in resident confidence and exposure to fundamental techniques: Results of a 5-year program evaluation.

Introduction: For the past five years, our surgical residency program has led a cadaver-based simulation course focused on fundamental surgical maneuvers. This study aimed to quantify the impact of this course on resident exposure to surgical skills and longitudinal impact on resident education.

Methods: General surgery residents participated in an annual cadaver-based simulation curriculum.

Tobacco use is not associated with increased risk of recurrent reflux 5 years after laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery.

Introduction: Tobacco use worsens gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD). Smoking cessation improves GERD symptoms, but its impact on the efficacy of laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery (LARS) is unclear. In this retrospective cohort study, we hypothesized that non-smokers would demonstrate greater long-term improvements in disease-specific quality of life than active smokers.

Use of the MMPI-2 personality profile in predicting 30-day ED-visits and readmissions following primary bariatric surgery.

Background: Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is used for psychological screening of bariatric surgery (BS) candidates. To date, no studies have analyzed the relationship between MMPI-2 and early returns to hospital. The aim of this study was to determine whether high T scores on the MMPI-2 clinical scales were associated with early return to hospital after primary bariatric surgery.

Expectations versus reality: trainee participation on the robotic console in academic surgery.

Introduction: Trainees underestimate the amount of operative autonomy they receive, whereas faculty overestimate; this has not been studied in robotics. We aimed to assess the perceptions and expectations of our general surgery trainees and faculty on robotic console participation in academic surgery.

Methods: A survey was administered to general surgery robotic faculty and trainees eligible to sit at the console.

Can a Structured, Video-Based Cadaver Curriculum Demonstrating Proficiency Enhance Resident Operative Autonomy?

Introduction: Autonomy is of foremost concern in the current era of surgical residency, and it is especially important to trainees when considering their surgical education. Factors impacting trainee independence include the restriction of clinical work hours and the development of advanced minimally invasive techniques such as robotics, which requires separate technical education outside of conventional surgical education. Moreover, when residents are left to learn fundamental exposures via their clinical experience alone, they run the risk of not being exposed to some fundamental skills based on case volume and type.

Visceral Kaposi Sarcoma Presenting as Small Bowel Intussusception: A Rare Presentation and Call to Action.

Surgical emergencies related to visceral involvement of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) are rare complications of the disease. In this report, we describe a case of visceral KS causing small bowel intussusception in a young, previously undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient. Southern surgeons should be particularly attentive to HIV/AIDS-related disease as a cause of surgical pathology, particularly in the southeast, and can play a significant advocacy role for improved access to HIV/AIDS diagnostic and treatment services.