Risk Factors for Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography Pancreatitis in Children With Chronic Pancreatitis and Its Prediction Using 4-Hour Postprocedure Serum Amylase and Lipase Levels.

Background: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) is seen in 3% to 16% of children undergoing therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP). We evaluated the risk factors of PEP and utility of 4-hour post-ERCP amylase and lipase for early prediction of PEP in children with chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Materials And Methods: Thirty children with CP (boys 20, 14.

2023 Update of Indian National Association for Study of the Liver Consensus on Management of Intermediate and Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Puri III Recommendations.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents significant treatment challenges despite considerable advancements in its management. The Indian National Association for the Study of the Liver (INASL) first published its guidelines to aid healthcare professionals in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC in 2014. These guidelines were subsequently updated in 2019.

Enhanced regularization for on-chip training using analog and temporary memory weights.

In-memory computing techniques are used to accelerate artificial neural network (ANN) training and inference tasks. Memory technology and architectural innovations allow efficient matrix-vector multiplications, gradient calculations, and updates to network weights. However, on-chip learning for edge devices is quite challenging due to the frequent updates.

Safety and Efficacy of Atezolizumab-Bevacizumab in Real World: The First Indian Experience.

Background: Atezolizumab-bevacizumab (atezo/bev) combination is a recommended first-line systemic therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). There are no studies from India reporting the safety and efficacy of this drug in real-world settings where most patients present in an advanced stage.

Methods: In this retrospective study from two centers in India, we included patients with uHCC who received atezo/bev as first-line systemic therapy.

Position statement from the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, Cardiological Society of India, Indian Academy of Neurology and Vascular Society of India on gastrointestinal bleeding and endoscopic procedures in patients on antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant therapy.

Antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant agents (collectively known as antithrombotic agents) are used to reduce the risk of thromboembolic events in patients with conditions such as atrial fibrillation, acute coronary syndrome, recurrent stroke prevention, deep vein thrombosis, hypercoagulable states and endoprostheses. Antithrombotic-associated gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is an increasing burden due to the growing population of advanced age with multiple comorbidities and the expanding indications for the use of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants. GI bleeding in antithrombotic users is associated with an increase in short-term and long-term mortality.

Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL) Guidance Paper on Nomenclature, Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease globally and in India. The already high burden of NAFLD in India is expected to further increase in the future in parallel with the ongoing epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Given the high prevalence of NAFLD in the community, it is crucial to identify those at risk of progressive liver disease to streamline referral and guide proper management.

Patients With Compensated Hepatitis B Virus-Related Cirrhosis and Low-Level Viremia: Treat or Not to Treat?

Patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis and low-level viremia represent a special group that might benefit from treatment because of their higher risk of complications. Evidence for the benefit of treatment in this population is lacking. The current study, which analyzed data of a historical cohort of 627 patients from a single Korean center with hepatitis B virus-related compensated cirrhosis, reported a 2.

Freestanding epitaxial SrTiO nanomembranes via remote epitaxy using hybrid molecular beam epitaxy.

The epitaxial growth of functional oxides using a substrate with a graphene layer is a highly desirable method for improving structural quality and obtaining freestanding epitaxial nanomembranes for scientific study, applications, and economical reuse of substrates. However, the aggressive oxidizing conditions typically used in growing epitaxial oxides can damage graphene. Here, we demonstrate the successful use of hybrid molecular beam epitaxy for SrTiO growth that does not require an independent oxygen source, thus avoiding graphene damage.

Controlling the Balance between Remote, Pinhole, and van der Waals Epitaxy of Heusler Films on Graphene/Sapphire.

Remote epitaxy is promising for the synthesis of lattice-mismatched materials, exfoliation of membranes, and reuse of expensive substrates. However, clear experimental evidence of a remote mechanism remains elusive. Alternative mechanisms such as pinhole-seeded epitaxy or van der Waals epitaxy can often explain the resulting films.

Response Guided Slow Infusion of Albumin, Vasoconstrictors and Furosemide Improves Ascites Mobilization and Survival in Acute on Chronic Liver Failure: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Background And Aims: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) with increasing organ failure is associated with poor outcomes. Severely deranged systemic hemodynamics and decreased effective arterial blood volume contribute to tissue damage and organ failure. Response-guided therapy with albumin, vasoconstrictors, and furosemide may help overcome effective hypovolemia, improve diuresis and impact survival.

Pinhole-seeded lateral epitaxy and exfoliation of GaSb films on graphene-terminated surfaces.

Remote epitaxy is a promising approach for synthesizing exfoliatable crystalline membranes and enabling epitaxy of materials with large lattice mismatch. However, the atomic scale mechanisms for remote epitaxy remain unclear. Here we experimentally demonstrate that GaSb films grow on graphene-terminated GaSb (001) via a seeded lateral epitaxy mechanism, in which pinhole defects in the graphene serve as selective nucleation sites, followed by lateral epitaxy and coalescence into a continuous film.

Does Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction With PDE 5 Inhibitor Tadalafil Improve Quality of Life in Male Patients With Compensated Chronic Liver Disease? A Prospective Pilot Study.

Background And Aims: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is common in patients with compensated cirrhosis but its impact on the quality of life (QOL) is usually overlooked. This study aimed at determining the frequency of ED in male patients with compensated chronic liver disease (CLD), assessing their QOL and the response to treatment with tadalafil. A secondary aim was to assess the effect of the tadalafil therapy on liver fibrosis, if any.

Graphene nanoribbons initiated from molecularly derived seeds.

Semiconducting graphene nanoribbons are promising materials for nanoelectronics but are held back by synthesis challenges. Here we report that molecular-scale carbon seeds can be exploited to initiate the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of graphene to generate one-dimensional graphene nanoribbons narrower than 5 nm when coupled with growth phenomena that selectively extend seeds along a single direction. This concept is demonstrated by subliming graphene-like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules onto a Ge(001) catalyst surface and then anisotropically evolving size-controlled nanoribbons from the seeds along [Formula: see text] of Ge(001) via CH CVD.

Erratum to 'Indian National Association for the Study of Liver Consensus Statement on Acute Liver Failure (Part-2): Management of Acute Liver Failure' [J Clin Exp Hepatol 10 (2020) 477-517].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.

Utility of neutrophil CD64 in distinguishing bacterial infection from inflammation in severe alcoholic hepatitis fulfilling SIRS criteria.

To assess utility of neutrophilCD64 (nCD64) expression in differentiating bacterial infection from inflammation in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) fulfilling systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria. Patients with SAH and infection (n = 58), SAH without infection (n = 70), and healthy controls (n = 20) were included. Neutrophil CD64 expression by flowcytometry, serum Procalcitonin (ELISA) and C-reactive protein (Nephelometry) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were studied.

Aligned 2D carbon nanotube liquid crystals for wafer-scale electronics.

Semiconducting carbon nanotubes promise faster performance and lower power consumption than Si in field-effect transistors (FETs) if they can be aligned in dense arrays. Here, we demonstrate that nanotubes collected at a liquid/liquid interface self-organize to form two-dimensional (2D) nematic liquid crystals that globally align with flow. The 2D liquid crystals are transferred onto substrates in a continuous process generating dense arrays of nanotubes aligned within ±6°, ideal for electronics.

Quantifying Mn Diffusion through Transferred versus Directly Grown Graphene Barriers.

We quantify the mechanisms for manganese (Mn) diffusion through graphene in Mn/graphene/Ge (001) and Mn/graphene/GaAs (001) heterostructures for samples prepared by graphene layer transfer versus graphene growth directly on the semiconductor substrate. These heterostructures are important for applications in spintronics; however, challenges in synthesizing graphene directly on technologically important substrates such as GaAs necessitate layer transfer and annealing steps, which introduce defects into the graphene. photoemission spectroscopy measurements reveal that Mn diffusion through graphene grown directly on a Ge (001) substrate is 1000 times lower than Mn diffusion into samples without graphene ( ∼ 4 × 10 cm/s, ∼ 5 × 10 cm/s at 500 °C).

Serum Metabolic Disturbances Associated with Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure in Patients with Underlying Alcoholic Liver Diseases: An Elaborative NMR-based Metabolomics Study.

Objectives: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), which develops in patients with underlying alcoholic liver disease (ALD), is characterized by acute deterioration of liver function and organ failures are secondary to that. The clear understanding of metabolic pathways perturbed in ALD-ACLF patients can greatly decrease the mortality and morbidity of patients through predicting outcome, guiding treatment, and monitoring response to treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the metabolic disturbances associated with ACLF using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based serum metabolomics approach and further to assess if the serum metabolic alterations are affected by the severity of hepatic impairment.

INASL-ISN Joint Position Statements on Management of Patients with Simultaneous Liver and Kidney Disease.

Renal dysfunction is very common among patients with chronic liver disease, and concomitant liver disease can occur among patients with chronic kidney disease. The spectrum of clinical presentation and underlying etiology is wide when concomitant kidney and liver disease occur in the same patient. Management of these patients with dual onslaught is challenging and requires a team approach of hepatologists and nephrologists.