Developing Core Outcome Sets (COS) and Core Outcome Measures Sets (COMS) in Cosmetic Gynecological Interventions: Protocol for a Development and Usability Study.

Background: Studies evaluating cosmetic gynecological interventions have followed variable methodology and reported a diversity of outcomes. Such variations limit the comparability of studies and the value of research-based evidence. The development of core outcome sets (COS) and core outcome measures sets (COMS) would help address these issues, ensuring a minimum of outcomes important to all stakeholders, primarily women requesting or having experienced cosmetic gynecological interventions.

Uterine leiomyomatosis in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) may represent a narrow phenotypic variant of FH tumour predisposition syndrome.

FH Tumour Predisposition Syndrome, also known as Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC), or Reed Syndrome, is an autosomal dominant condition clinically characterized by multiple cutaneous leiomyomas, multiple early-onset uterine leiomyomas and early-onset renal cell cancer. Here we report a young female with FH Tumour Predisposition Syndrome with no clinical features except early-onset uterine leiomyomas. Whilst there is a significant history of uterine leiomyomas in her family, there is no history of cutaneous leiomyomas or renal cell cancer (RCC).

Type II or type III radical hysterectomy compared to chemoradiotherapy as a primary intervention for stage IB2 cervical cancer.

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, with 528,000 estimated new cases globally in 2012. A large majority (around 85%) of the disease burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where it accounts for almost 12% of all female cancers. Treatment of stage IB2 cervical cancers, which sit between early and advanced disease, is controversial.

Role of Systematic Lymphadenectomy to Tailor Adjuvant Therapy in Early Endometrial Cancer.

Objective: The long-standing protocol at our center for apparent stage I and II endometrial cancers comprises hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy without lymphadenectomy. Adjuvant treatment is based in line with Postoperative Radiation Therapy in Endometrial Carcinoma 1 protocol. Our aim was to quantify the number of patients who would avoid external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in our institution if we adopted a protocol of lymphadenectomy to tailor adjuvant EBRT and its impact on cost and quality of life.

Paget's Disease of the Vulva: A Review of 20 Years' Experience.

Background: Extramammary Paget's disease is a rare condition, and the vulva is a common site for it to occur. Despite this, there is a paucity of literature on Paget's disease of the vulva (VPD). A Cochrane meta-analysis could not draw any conclusions on interventions in VPD.

Traumatic Neuroma After Hysterectomy and Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy: A Rare Cause of Post Hysterectomy Pelvic Pain.

The cause of posthysterectomy pain is frequently undiagnosed, and a presumed diagnosis of adhesions is made. Surgical division of adhesions often fails to alleviate the pain. As a result, posthysterectomy pain is seldom investigated despite being associated with a significant deterioration in the quality of life.

Venous thromboembolism at time of diagnosis of ovarian cancer: Survival differs in symptomatic and asymptomatic cases.

Objectives: To determine the impact on survival of symptomatic and asymptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) at time of diagnosis of primary ovarian malignancy.

Materials And Methods: The clinical records of 397 consecutive cases of primary ovarian malignancy were studied. Clinical, pathological and survival data were obtained.

Patient-reported outcome measures for follow-up after gynaecological cancer treatment.

Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Gynaecologic cancer treatment is known to have the potential for a major impact on quality of life (QoL). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is an umbrella term that covers a range of potential types of measurement but is used specifically to refer to self reports by the patient of their health and well-being.

Microvascular remodelling in preeclampsia: quantifying capillary rarefaction accurately and independently predicts preeclampsia.

Background: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The incidence of preeclampsia seems to be rising because of increased prevalence of predisposing disorders, such as essential hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, and there is increasing evidence to suggest widespread microcirculatory abnormalities before the onset of preeclampsia. We hypothesized that quantifying capillary rarefaction could be helpful in the clinical prediction of preeclampsia.

Capillary remodelling in normal pregnancy: Can it mediate the progressive but reversible rise in blood pressure? Novel insights into cardiovascular adaptation in pregnancy.

Objective: To conduct a longitudinal study of skin capillary density changes throughout normal pregnancy and correlate them to changes in blood pressure.

Design: Prospective, longitudinal cohort study.

Setting: London teaching hospital.

Structural capillary rarefaction and the onset of preeclampsia.

Objective: To estimate if reduced capillary density (ie, capillary rarefaction) precedes the onset of preeclampsia and if it could play a role in its pathogenesis. Capillary rarefaction is a consistent finding in essential hypertension.

Methods: In this longitudinal cohort study, we recruited 322 consecutive white women, of whom 305 women completed the study.

Mid-trimester blood pressure drop in normal pregnancy: myth or reality?

Background: Current dogma states that there is a mid-trimester fall in blood pressure (BP) in uncomplicated pregnancy. In the early stages of a longitudinal study of microcirculatory changes in pregnancy, we noted an absence of this mid-trimester fall.

Method: We prospectively studied this phenomenon in all our subsequent recruits.

Tubal ectopic pregnancy: diagnosis and management.

Ectopic pregnancy is the gynaecological emergency par excellence and remains the leading cause of pregnancy-related first trimester deaths in the UK. Its prevalence continues to rise because of increases in the incidence of the risk factors predisposing to ectopic pregnancy. Classically, the diagnosis is based on a history of pelvic pain associated with amenorrhoea, a positive pregnancy test with or without slight vaginal bleeding.

Umbilical cord rupture: a case report and review of literature.

The umbilical cord acts as a mechanical conduit between the fetus and placenta, allowing movement of water and nutrient substances between the fetal circulation and the amniotic fluid. Complications can occur antenatally or intranatally and are usually acute events that require immediate delivery to prevent intrauterine death. Even though the majority of the cord complications are unpreventable, significant improvement in perinatal mortality and morbidity can be achieved if such an event can be predicted.

Secondary abdominal appendicular ectopic pregnancy.

Although the case fatality rate for ectopic pregnancies has decreased to 0.08% in industrialized countries, it still represents 3.8% of maternal mortality in the United States alone.

The single unit transfusion in post partum hemorrhage: A new perspective.

Every year, about 210 million women become pregnant. Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the major complications of pregnancy, accounting for 14 million cases annually. Of these, it is estimated that around 140,000 women die, resulting in a case fatality rate of 1%.