Microbiome divergence across four major Indian riverine water ecosystems impacted by anthropogenic contamination: A comparative metagenomic analysis.

Rivers are critical ecosystems that support biodiversity and local livelihoods. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of metal contamination and anthropogenic activities on microbial and phage community dynamics within major Indian river ecosystems, focusing on the Ganga, Narmada, Cauvery, and Gomti rivers -using metagenomic techniques, Biolog, and ICP-MS analysis. Significant variations in microbial communities were observed both within each river and across the four systems, influenced by ecological factors like geography and hydrology, as well as anthropogenic pressures.

Integrating advanced techniques and machine learning for landfill leachate treatment: Addressing limitations and environmental concerns.

This review article explores the challenges associated with landfill leachate resulting from the increasing disposal of municipal solid waste in landfills and open areas. The composition of landfill leachate includes antibiotics (0.001-100 μg), heavy metals (0.

Unlocking bioremediation potential for site restoration: A comprehensive approach for crude oil degradation in agricultural soil and phytotoxicity assessment.

Crude oil contamination has inflicted severe damage to soil ecosystems, necessitating effective remediation strategies. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of four different techniques (biostimulation, bioaugmentation, bioaugmentation + biostimulation, and natural attenuation) for remediating agricultural soil contaminated with crude oil using soil microcosms. A consortium of previously characterized bacteria Xanthomonas boreopolis, Microbacterium schleiferi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus velezensis was constructed for bioaugmentation.

Holistic approach to waste mobil oil bioremediation: Valorizing waste through biosurfactant production for soil restoration.

The combustion of mobil oil leads to the emission of toxic compounds in the environment. In this study, the aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon fractions present in a waste mobil oil collected from automobile market were comprehensively identified and their toxicity was evaluated using wheat grain. Lysinibacillus sphaericus strain IITR51 isolated and characterized previously could degrade 30-80% of both aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in liquid culture.

Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for enhanced production of 1,3-butanediol from glucose.

1,3-Butanediol (1,3-BDO) finds versatile applications in the cosmetic, chemical, and food industries. This study focuses on the metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli K12 to achieve efficient production of 1,3-BDO from glucose via acetoacetyl-CoA, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, and 3-hydroxybutyraldehyde. The accumulation of an intermediary metabolite (pyruvate) and a byproduct (3-hydroxybutyric acid) was reduced by disruption of the negative transcription factor (PdhR) for pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc) and employing an efficient alcohol dehydrogenase (YjgB), respectively.

Assessing the half-life and degradation kinetics of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by bacteria isolated from crude oil contaminated soil.

Pollution from the oil industries and refineries has worsened various environmental compartments. In this study, indigenous oil degrading bacteria were isolated from crude oil obtained from an Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) asset in Ankleshwar, Gujarat, India. Based on 16S rRNA phylogeny, they were identified as Pseudomonas boreopolis IITR108, Microbacterium schleiferi IITR109, Pseudomonas aeruginosa IITR110, and Bacillus velezensis IITR111.

Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for biological production of 1, 3-Butanediol.

The production of 1,3-butanediol (1,3-BDO) from glucose was investigated using Escherichia coli as the host organism. A pathway was engineered by overexpressing genes phaA (acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase), phaB (acetoacetyl-CoA reductase), bld (CoA-acylating aldehyde dehydrogenase), and yqhD (alcohol dehydrogenase). The expression levels of these genes were optimized to improve 1,3-BDO production and pathways that compete with 1,3-BDO synthesis were disrupted.

Sustainable utilization of peel for obtaining pectin and its application in cookies as a fat replacer.

In this study, a five-factorial central composite design was employed to optimize pectin extraction from novel source, through ultrasound-assisted extraction. A 35.58% yield was obtained under optimized conditions of pH 1.

A review on control and abatement of soil pollution by heavy metals: Emphasis on artificial intelligence in recovery of contaminated soil.

"Save Soil Save Earth" is not just a catchphrase; it is a necessity to protect soil ecosystem from the unwanted and unregulated level of xenobiotic contamination. Numerous challenges such as type, lifespan, nature of pollutants and high cost of treatment has been associated with the treatment or remediation of contaminated soil, whether it be either on-site or off-site. Due to the food chain, the health of non-target soil species as well as human health were impacted by soil contaminants, both organic and inorganic.

Functional genomic analysis of an efficient indole degrading bacteria strain Alcaligenes faecalis IITR89 and its biodegradation characteristics.

Indole is a nitrogenous heterocyclic aromatic pollutant often detected in various environments. An efficient indole degrading bacterium strain IITR89 was isolated from River Cauvery, India, and identified as Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. phenolicus.

Development of immobilized novel fungal consortium for the efficient remediation of cyanide-contaminated wastewaters.

Free cyanide is a hazardous pollutant released from steel industries. Environmentally-safe remediation of cyanide-contaminated wastewater is required. In this work, Pseudomonas stutzeri (ASNBRI_B12), Trichoderma longibrachiatum (ASNBRI_F9), Trichoderma saturnisporum (ASNBRI_F10) and Trichoderma citrinoviride (ASNBRI_F14) were isolated from blast-furnace wastewater and activated-sludge by enrichment culture.

A review on the effect of micro- and nano-plastics pollution on the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

The recent upsurge in the studies on micro/nano plastics and antimicrobial resistance genes has proven their deleterious effects on the environmental and human health. Till-date, there is a scarcity of studies on the interactions of these two factors and their combined influence. The interaction of microplastics has led to the formation of new plastics namely plastiglomerates, pyroplastics.

Bacterial remediation of pesticide polluted soils: Exploring the feasibility of site restoration.

For decades, reclamation of pesticide contaminated sites has been a challenging avenue. Due to increasing agricultural demand, the application of synthetic pesticides could not be controlled in its usage, and it has now adversely impacted the soil, water, and associated ecosystems posing adverse effects on human health. Agricultural soil and pesticide manufacturing sites, in particular, are one of the most contaminated due to direct exposure.

Multi-omics approaches for remediation of bisphenol A: Toxicity, risk analysis, road blocks and research perspectives.

In this "plastic era" with the increased use of plastic in day today's life the accumulation of its degraded products like microplastics or plastic additives such as Bisphenol A(BPA) is also increasing. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical used as a plasticizing agent in clear plastic, building materials, coatings, and epoxy resin. Several enzymes including laccases and lipases have been studied for the reduction of BPA toxicity.

Biocatalytic remediation of industrial pollutants for environmental sustainability: Research needs and opportunities.

An increasing quantum of pollutants from various industrial sector activities represents a severe menace to environmental & ecological balance. Bioremediation is gaining flow globally due to its cost-effective and environment-friendly nature. Understanding biodegradation mechanisms is of high ecological significance.

Sustainable strategies for combating hydrocarbon pollution: Special emphasis on mobil oil bioremediation.

The global rise in industrialization and vehicularization has led to the increasing trend in the use of different crude oil types. Among these mobil oil has major application in automobiles and different machines. The combustion of mobil oil renders a non-usable form that ultimately enters the environment thereby causing problems to environmental health.

Carbon-based catalyst for environmental bioremediation and sustainability: Updates and perspectives on techno-economics and life cycle assessment.

Global rise in the generation of waste has caused an enormous environmental concern and waste management problem. The untreated carbon rich waste serves as a breeding ground for pathogens and thus strategies for production of carbon rich biochar from waste by employing different thermochemical routes namely hydrothermal carbonization, hydrothermal liquefaction and pyrolysis has been of interest by researchers globally. Biochar has been globally produced due to its diverse applications from environmental bioremediation to energy storage.

Trends in mitigation of industrial waste: Global health hazards, environmental implications and waste derived economy for environmental sustainability.

Majority of industries, in order to meet the technological development and consumer demands generate waste. The untreated waste spreads out toxic and harmful substances in the environment which serves as a breeding ground for pathogenic microorganisms thus causing severe health hazards. The three industrial sectors namely food, agriculture, and oil industry are among the primary organic waste producers that affect urban health and economic growth.

Production of biosurfactants from agro-industrial waste and waste cooking oil in a circular bioeconomy: An overview.

Waste generation is becoming a global concern owing to its adverse effects on environment and human health. The utilization of waste as a feedstock for production of value-added products has opened new avenues contributing to environmental sustainability. Microorganisms have been employed for production of biosurfactants as secondary metabolites by utilizing waste streams.

Sustainable mitigation of heavy metals from effluents: Toxicity and fate with recent technological advancements.

Increase in anthropogenic activities due to rapid industrialization had caused an elevation in heavy metal contamination of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. These pollutants have detrimental effects on human and environmental health. The majority of these pollutants are carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and are very poisonous even at very low concentrations.