Implications of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in patients presenting with hip fractures: a current concepts review.

The increasing use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of thromboembolic disease poses a significant challenge to orthopaedic surgeons treating elderly patients presenting with proximal femoral fractures. Early surgical intervention is known to be beneficial from a clinical perspective and has been encouraged in the UK through the introduction of best practice tariffs providing increased remuneration for prompt treatment. An understanding of the necessary delay to surgery or reversal options for each type of antiplatelet or anticoagulant agent is therefore important.

The seasonality of slipped upper femoral epiphysis--meta-analysis: a possible association with vitamin D.

We performed a meta-analysis of studies evaluating the seasonality of slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE). In addition we compared the monthly incidences of SUFE at latitudes greater than 40° with the established serum 25-hydroxyvitamin levels for children resident at a comparative latitude. In total 11 relevant studies were identified, involving 7451 cases of SUFE.

Management of achilles tendon injury: A current concepts systematic review.

Achilles tendon rupture has been on the rise over recent years due to a variety of reasons. It is a debilitating injury with a protracted and sometimes incomplete recovery. Management strategy is a controversial topic and evidence supporting a definite approach is limited.

Balance and gait adaptations in patients with early knee osteoarthritis.

Gait adaptations in people with severe knee osteoarthritis (OA) have been well documented, with increased knee adduction moments (KAM) the most commonly reported parameter. Neuromuscular adaptations have also been reported, including reduced postural control. However these adaptations may be the result of morphological changes in the joint, rather than the cause.

The Pavlik method: a systematic review of current concepts.

We present a systematic review of the use of the Pavlik method in developmental dysplasia of the hip. Our aims were to evaluate treatment protocols, reported results and factors associated with successful outcomes. We found 218 relevant citations, of which 62 fulfilled our inclusion criteria.

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is effective in treating chronic plantar fasciitis: a meta-analysis of RCTs.

Background: Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain. It may remain symptomatic despite conservative treatment with orthoses and analgesia. There is conflicting evidence concerning the role of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in the management of this condition.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip in the newborn: A systematic review.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) denotes a wide spectrum of conditions ranging from subtle acetabular dysplasia to irreducible hip dislocations. Clinical diagnostic tests complement ultrasound imaging in allowing diagnosis, classification and monitoring of this condition. Classification systems relate to the alpha and beta angles in addition to the dynamic coverage index (DCI).

Measuring body weight distribution during sit-to-stand in patients with early knee osteoarthritis.

People with severe degenerative conditions, such as osteoarthritis (OA), have been shown to have altered movement patterns during sit-to-stand. However it remains unclear whether such alterations exist in people with early OA, in the absence of pain. This study aimed to determine if a novel seat could be used to discriminate people with early OA compared with controls.

A Rare Presentation of Concurrent Scedosporium apiospermum and Madurella grisea Eumycetoma in an Immunocompetent Host.

Mycetoma is a disfiguring, chronic granulomatous infection which affects the skin and the underlying subcutaneous tissue. We present an atypical case of recurrent mycetoma without ulceration, in a 35-year-old immunocompetent male caused by Scedosporium apiospermum sensu stricto and Madurella grisea, occurring at two separate anatomical sites.

Acral post-traumatic tumoral calcinosis in pregnancy: a case report.

Introduction: Tumoral calcinosis is an uncommon disorder characterized by the development of calcified masses within the peri-articular soft tissues of large joints, but rarely occurs within the hand.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 31-year-old pregnant Indian woman with a three-month history of painful swelling within the tip of her right middle finger following a superficial laceration. She was otherwise well and had normal serum calcium and phosphate levels.

Large intra-articular anterior cruciate ligament ganglion cyst, presenting with inability to flex the knee.

A 41-year-old female presented with a 3-month history of gradually worsening anterior knee pain, swelling and inability to flex the knee. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large intra-articular cystic swelling anterior to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), extending into the Hoffa's infrapatellar fat pad. Following manipulation under anaesthesia and arthroscopic debridement of the cyst, the patient's symptoms were relieved with restoration of normal knee motion.

A rare case of a swollen knee due to disseminated synovial chondromatosis: a case report.

Introduction: A synovial chondromatosis is a rare benign neoplasm on the synovium. Although described as a benign disease, it can be very destructive and can cause severe osteoarthritis and pain. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first known case of an extensive presentation of this intra-articular and extra-articular disease of the knee joint.

A comprehensive review of trauma and disruption to the sternoclavicular joint with the proposal of a new classification system.

Background: The sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) is rarely injured but should not be overlooked in cases of high-energy trauma. Stability is reliant on the ligamentous attachments. The methods of injury and the clinical presentations are examined.