Personalized medicine: An alternative for cancer treatment.

The incidence of cancer continues to increase worldwide, resulting in significant physical, emotional, and financial challenges for individuals, families, communities, and healthcare systems. Cancer is projected to be responsible for approximately 10 million deaths in 2020, accounting for one in six deaths globally. Prostate, colon, lung, and breast cancers are the most common types of cancer.

Synergistic exploration of Surfactin-capped silver nanoparticles: bioinformatics insights, antibacterial potency, and anticancer activity.

Surfactin lipopeptides (LPs) are a compelling class of biosurfactants with notable antimicrobial and anticancer properties. This study presents a novel approach by integrating bioinformatics tools to assess the drug potential of Surfactin, specifically focusing on its antibacterial, antifungal activities, and cancer cell-line toxicity. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Surfactin, a biosurfactant derived from KLP2016, as a capping agent, both in the presence and absence of Surfactin, to evaluate its impact on nanoparticle stability and bioactivity.

Nanomaterials for photo-electrochemical water splitting: a review.

Over the last few decades, the global rise in energy demand has prompted researchers to investigate the energy requirements from alternative green fuels apart from the conventional fossil fuels, due to the surge in CO emission levels. In this context, the global demand for hydrogen is anticipated to extend by 4-5% in the next 5 years. Different production technologies like gasification of coal, partial oxidation of hydrocarbons, and reforming of natural gas are used to obtain high yields of hydrogen.

Forced degradation study of baricitinib and structural characterization of its degradation impurities by high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Rationale: Baricitinib (BARI), an inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2 (JAK 1/2), is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and COVID-19. The present study focuses on establishing the forced degradation behavior of BARI under different degradation conditions (hydrolysis, oxidation, and photolysis) following International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines of Q1A (R2)-Stability testing of new drug substances and products and Q1B-Photostability testing of new drug substances and products. This study helps in monitoring the quality and safety of BARI and its product development.

Insight into prediction and chemical degradation study of osimertinib mesylate by LC-HRMS and NMR: Investigation of a typical case of alkaline pH-mediated oxidative degradation product.

Osimertinib mesylate is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat nonsmall-cell lung cancer. The objective was to understand prediction and chemical-based stress testing of the osimertinib mesylate. A total of eight degradation products (DPs) were formed under chemical stress testing.

LC-HRMS and NMR studies for characterization of forced degradation impurities of ponatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, insights into in-silico degradation and toxicity profiles.

The degradation profile of ponatinib was established during the present study by exposing it to various stress conditions. In-silico degradation pattern of ponatinib was outlined by using Zeneth software. Five degradation impurities were formed during the stress testing of ponatinib.

Development of stability-indicating method for separation and characterization of benidipine forced degradation products using LC-MS/MS.

The present study describes forced degradation of benidipine (BEN) as per  Q1A (R2) and Q1B guidelines of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. BEN degraded under hydrolysis (neutral, acidic, and alkaline), hydrogen peroxide induced oxidation, and UV light mediated photolytic degradation. A total of 14 degradation products (DPs) were found in all degradation studies, comprising 4 hydrolytic DPs, 8 oxidative DPs, and 4 photolytic DPs.

An Insight in Developing Carrier-Free Immobilized Enzymes.

Enzymes play vital roles in all organisms. The enzymatic process is progressively at its peak, mainly for producing biochemical products with a higher value. The immobilization of enzymes can sometimes tremendously improve the outcome of biocatalytic processes, making the product(s) relatively pure and economical.

Identification and characterization of urapidil stress degradation products by LC-Q-TOF-MS and NMR: Toxicity prediction of degradation products.

Urapidil, an antihypertensive drug is subjected to various stress conditions (acidic, basic, neutral, oxidative and photolytic) as per ICH guidelines. A stability indicating HPLC method was developed using InertSustain C8 (250 × 4.6 mm; 5 µm) column and 10 mM ammonium formate (pH 3.

Combination of classical and statistical approaches to enhance the fermentation conditions and increase the yield of Lipopeptide(s) by Pseudomonas sp. OXDC12: its partial purification and determining antifungal property.

Around 200 different lipopeptides (LPs) have been identified to date, most of which are produced via and species. The clinical nature of the lipopeptide (LP) has led to a big surge in its research. They show antimicrobial and antitumor activities due to which mass-scale production and purification of LPs are beneficial.

Ru(II)-Catalyzed Regioselective C-N Bond Formation on Benzothiazoles Employing Acyl Azide as an Amidating Agent.

A Ru(II)-catalyzed regioselective direct -amidation of 2-aryl benzo[]thiazoles employing acyl azides as a nitrogen source has been accomplished. This approach utilizes the efficiency of benzothiazole as a directing group and the role of acyl azide as an effective amidating agent toward C-N bond formation, thereby evading the general Curtius rearrangement. The protocol highlights significant functional group tolerance, single-step, and external oxidant-free conditions, with the release of only innocuous molecular nitrogen as the byproduct.

Stress degradation study on entrectinib and characterization of its degradation products using HRMS and NMR.

Entrectinib is a potent inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases and anaplastic lymphoma kinase. It is designated as an orphan drug. There exists no report of comprehensive degradation profiling of the drug in the literature.

Comprehensive degradation profiling and influence of different oxidizing reagents on tinoridine hydrochloride: Structural characterization of its degradation products using HPLC and HRMS.

Rationale: Stress testing on tinoridine hydrochloride was carried out using a multidimensional approach. This included different conditions: hydrolytic (acidic, alkaline, and neutral conditions), different oxidative reagents, thermal, photolytic conditions, HPLC method development, and structural elucidation using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). It provides the basis for quality control of tinoridine hydrochloride and its derivatives during storage conditions.

Characterization of stress degradation products of nintedanib by UPLC, UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS/MS and NMR: Evidence of a degradation product with a structure alert for mutagenicity.

Nintedanib is an anti-cancer drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and non-small cell lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore its degradation chemistry under various stress conditions recommended in ICH guidelines Q1A R(2). The drug was subjected to hydrolytic, photolytic, thermal and oxidative (HO, AIBN, FeCl and FeSO) stress conditions.

Identification and characterization of novel metabolites of nintedanib by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry with in silico toxicological assessment.

Rationale: Nintedanib, an oral, triple angiokinase inhibitor, is used alongside docetaxel in the management of locally recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The present study deals with the identification and characterization of in vitro and in vivo stable and reactive (if any) metabolites of nintedanib and sheds light on some novel metabolites of the drug which have not been reported previously.

Methods: The study involved an oral administration of the drug to male Wistar rats, followed by collection of the biological matrices (urine, plasma and feces) at specific intervals for determination of in vivo metabolites.

Study on forced degradation behaviour of dofetilide by LC-PDA and Q-TOF/MS/MS: Mechanistic explanations of hydrolytic, oxidative and photocatalytic rearrangement of degradation products.

A solution and solid state forced decomposition study was carried on dofetilide under diverse stress conditions of hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and thermal as per International Council for Harmonisation guidelines (ICH) Q1A(R2) to understand its degradation behaviour. A total of eight degradation products (DPs) were identified and separated on reversed phase kromasil 100 C8 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm x5 μm) using gradient elution with ammonium acetate (10 mM, pH 6.

Characterization of stress degradation products of amodiaquine dihydrochloride by liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry and prediction of their properties by using ADMET Predictor™.

The degradation behavior of amodiaquine dihydrochloride, an antimalarial drug, was investigated in solution as well as solid states. The drug was subjected to hydrolytic, photolytic, oxidative, and thermal stress conditions, according to International Conference on Harmonization guideline Q1A(R2). It showed extensive hydrolysis in acidic, alkaline, and neutral solutions both with and without light, while it proved to be stable to thermal and oxidative conditions.