Publications by authors named "Vivek Dave"
Purpose: To report two cases of Cellulosimicrobium. spp - A novel cause of endogenous endophthalmitis diagnosed on DNA sequencing.
Methods: Our non-comparative retrospective descriptive case series included two clinically diagnosed cases of endogenous endophthalmitis.
Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of fibrin glue in preventing early recurrence of vitreous hemorrhage following surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
Design: Single-masked randomized controlled clinical trial.
Subjects: Consecutive patients with vitreous hemorrhage due to PDR undergoing primary vitreoretinal surgery were screened.
Vitreomacular traction (VMT) is characterised by abnormal adhesion of the posterior cortical vitreous with the macula causing distortion of the foveal contour and associated with symptoms of reduction in visual acuity and/or metamorphopsia. This review article explores the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic and treatment options for VMT. Advances in imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) have revolutionized the understanding of the vitreoretinal interface abnormalities and helps in monitoring the disease progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetic retinopathy is one of the most severe forms of retinopathy and a leading cause of blindness all over the world. Of a greater concern is proliferative diabetic retinopathy which leads to vitreous haemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment in such cases. A majority of these cases require a surgical intervention to improve vision and prevent further vision loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) has emerged as a promising nanomaterial with a wide range of potential applications due to their unique structural, mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, numerous obstacles must be overcome for CNTs to be used successfully, including low solubility, aggregation, and a lack of specialized functions. Diverse techniques have been developed for the manufacture, purification, and functionalization of CNTs in order to overcome these issues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The management of idiopathic macular holes (iMH) has evolved over time with various modifications in surgical approach. The study aimed to survey the surgeons' preferences in the management of iMH in current times.
Design: Cross-sectional descriptive survey.
Pharmacists' perceptions of artificial intelligence: A national survey.
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003)
February 2025
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly growing and evolving field impacting pharmacy research, education, and professional practice. The development and adaptation of AI technologies have the potential to radically shape the future of the pharmacy profession. However, it remains unclear how aware pharmacists are of these technologies or their perceptions regarding current and future utilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMelanized fungi were rarely studied for their antifungal resistance (AFR) or clinical outcome, despite rising incidence of melanized fungal ocular infections and AFR in general. We report the antifungal resistance patterns, clinical outcome and clinico-microbiological correlation in two commonly isolated melanized fungi from ocular infections, and , at a tertiary eyecare centre in South India..
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChandelier-assisted bimanual technique for securing infusion in eyes with hazy media.
Retin Cases Brief Rep
October 2024
Purpose: Hazy media with resultant difficulties in visualisation hamper the surgical approach and outcomes in various vitreoretinal surgical scenarios, including eyes with keratoprosthesis in situ. We propose a novel chandelier-assisted bimanual infusion using a flute needle to overcome the inability to secure infusion safely in such eyes.
Methods: The surgical technique was performed with the assistance of chandelier illumination.
Age-Associated Alterations in the Metabolome of Human Vitreous in Bacterial Endophthalmitis.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
November 2024
Purpose: Endophthalmitis is a severe inflammatory condition due to intraocular infections that often leads to irreversible blindness. This study aimed to understand the age-dependent metabolic alterations in the vitreous of patients with bacterial endophthalmitis.
Methods: The study included the vitreous metabolome of patients with bacterial endophthalmitis (group 1, n = 15) and uninfected controls (group 2, n = 14), which were further stratified into three groups according to their age: young (0-30 years), middle (31-60 years), and elderly (>60 years).
Article Synopsis
- Groundwater contamination from arsenic, a toxic metalloid, poses health risks, particularly affecting human development and causing various toxicities.
- The study highlights how arsenic leads to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and activated apoptosis, which are crucial in understanding its neurotoxic effects.
- Findings reveal a complex interplay of molecular mechanisms, including AMPK activation, that contribute to neuronal cell death, suggesting potential avenues for future treatments and interventions.
Article Synopsis
- Retinal detachment from eye trauma (TrRD) is a major cause of blindness and visual impairment globally, with diagnosis dependent on trauma history.
- The conditions leading to TrRD include various incidents such as workplace injuries, sports accidents, and road traffic collisions.
- There is a lack of detailed discussion in existing literature on the underlying causes, treatment, and results of TrRD, prompting a thorough review of these aspects in the current study.
Article Synopsis
- This study analyzed the clinical profile and donor characteristics of adverse events following optical keratoplasty from 2013 to 2022, reviewing data from over 37,000 donor corneas used for various types of keratoplasty.
- A total of 41 post-keratoplasty infections (0.11%) were recorded, primarily after endothelial keratoplasty, with a majority of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria.
- The research highlighted the importance of understanding infection trends and microbiological profiles linked to keratoplasty complications to inform future practices and improve patient outcomes.*
Purpose: We constructed a clinical clue-based algorithm to identify the microbiology-positive post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis.
Methods: The Endophthalmitis Infectivity Measurement Algorithm (EIMA) was constructed using presenting Snellen vision (Letter score [LS]) and Inflammation Score (IS, from the cornea, anterior chamber, iris, and vitreous). Retrospective data (70% for training; 30% for testing) was fitted into CHAID (Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection).
Vitreous substitutes and tamponades occupy the vitreous cavity following vitrectomy in the management of various conditions such as retinal detachment, macular hole, and diabetic retinopathy. Such replacements can be for the short term (gases such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and perfluoropropane (C3F8) or long term (such as silicone oils). Certain substitutes such as perfluorocarbon liquids are used only transiently during surgery as "a third hand" or rarely till a few days post surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates the learning curves of two vitreoretinal surgeons (one self-trained and one supervised) performing posterior segment diagnostic endoscopy over a span of six years, from 2017 to 2023.
- Historical data was reviewed, analyzing the time taken for each procedure to quantify how quickly the surgeons improved their skills based on the number of cases performed.
- Results indicated that the self-trained surgeon required approximately 20 cases for skill stabilization, while the supervised surgeon reached stability after about 10 cases, suggesting important insights for developing training protocols in endoscopic techniques.
Endophthalmitis is one of the most severe ocular emergencies faced by ophthalmologists worldwide. Without prompt treatment significant visual loss is inevitable. With increased understanding of the science of endophthalmitis, recent studies have shown a clear role of early and more definitive surgery to achieve better visual and anatomic outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- In-process quality monitoring for Continuous Manufacturing (CM) of pharmaceuticals uses ultrasonic characterization to perform rapid, non-invasive assessments of Critical Quality Attributes (CQA) during Real-time Release (RTR) testing.
- The study introduces a Deep Neural Network-based Machine Learning (ML) framework that addresses limitations of traditional modeling by accurately predicting CQAs like defect states, compression force levels, and amounts of disintegrant from ultrasonic data.
- The effectiveness of this ML-driven approach is validated through experiments using a robotic handling rig, showcasing its potential for cost-effective, automated real-time monitoring systems in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Introduction: The study aimed to evaluate comparability in terms of efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of Sun's ranibizumab biosimilar with reference ranibizumab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).
Methods: This prospective, randomised, double-blind, two-group, parallel-arm, multicentre, phase 3 comparative study included patients with nAMD ≥ 50 years, randomised (in a 2:1 ratio) in a double-blind manner to receive 0.5 mg (0.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility in endophthalmitis cases from the Endophthalmitis Management Study (EMS) and compare it with the current practices of Indian vitreoretinal specialists.
- Methods included microbiological analyses like microscopy, culture-susceptibility testing, PCR, and NGS, with significant results defined as p < 0.05.
- Results indicated that gram-positive cocci (GPC) were mostly susceptible to vancomycin and gram-negative bacilli (GNB) to colistin; VRSI members primarily preferred using a combination of vancomycin and ceftazidime for treatment.
Purpose: To study the epidemiology and microbiological landscape in patients (≤21 yrs) diagnosed with endophthalmitis across a multi-tier ophthalmology network in India.
Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 1,041 patients (≤21 yrs) diagnosed with endophthalmitis, between April 2012 and May 2022. The data were collected using an electronic medical record system.