Young-onset colon adenocarcinoma masquerading as acute appendicitis.

This case report presents the findings of colon adenocarcinoma in a young adult male who presented with vague abdominal pain as his only complaint, suspicious of appendicitis. The patient underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) imaging for further evaluation of his abdominal pain. CT findings showed pericecal fat stranding and prominent lymph nodes concerning for acute appendicitis, but the appendix could not be adequately visualized; due to the indeterminate CT findings, general surgery proceeded to perform an exploratory laparotomy on the patient and removed an appendiceal mass-like structure that was revealed to be invasive adenocarcinoma of the colon per pathology.

Disengagement of tibial insert locking pin in total knee arthroplasty - A rare failure case report.

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) has seen many advancements over the years. One such advancement is development of locking mechanism for polyethylene insert in modular implants. It aims to reduce micro motion and wear problems.

Primary ectopic breast carcinoma arising in the inguinal region in a male patient.

Carcinoma arising in ectopic breast tissue is a rare entity, especially in males, in whom the diagnosis is often delayed due to a low index of suspicion. Conventional imaging techniques fail to characterize the tumor, adding further to the diagnostic dilemma. We report the first case in our knowledge of an extramammary primary breast carcinoma arising in the inguinal region in a male.

New Horizons for Diagnostic Pitfalls of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Clinical Utility of a Newly Developed Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Diagnostic Score: A Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Diagnosing cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) poses significant challenges owing to a nonspecific clinical presentation, poorly correlated laboratory biomarkers, and low sensitivity of non-contrast head computed tomography (CT). We describe a case of missed CVT diagnosis, due to low clinical suspicion and nonrecognition of anemia as a prothrombotic factor, especially during an ulcerative colitis (UC) flare. A recently proposed CVT clinical probability score can guide clinicians in pursuing further neurovascular imaging.

A retrospective cohort study examining secondary prevention post stroke in primary care in an Asian setting.

Background: Stroke is one of the top contributors to burden of disability-adjusted life-years worldwide. Family physicians have key role in optimising secondary prevention following stroke by managing clinical risk factors and promoting overall control in accordance with clinical practice guidelines.

Methods: Our objectives were: (i) to examine level of overall risk factor control together with control of singular risk factors one-year after an index-stroke event in individuals attending primary care facility and (ii) to describe factors associated with satisfactory risk factors control in individuals following stroke.

Isolated Pulvinar/Hockey Stick Sign in Nonalcoholic Wernicke's Encephalopathy.

BACKGROUND Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), a commonly misdiagnosed and underdiagnosed pathology, presents with altered mental status, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. WE is most commonly caused by excessive alcohol use, but also has diverse nonalcoholic etiologies. Here we describe 2 cases of nonalcoholic WE with different etiologies that were initially misdiagnosed due to lack of correlation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with clinical information.

New mobile-bearing TKA with unique ball and socket post-cam mechanism offers similar function and stability with better prosthesis fit and gap balancing compared to an established fixed-bearing prosthesis.

Purpose: A mobile-bearing (MB) posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty (TKA) system with ball and socket post-cam mechanism has been developed with the aims of better prosthesis fit and enhanced stability. However, the data are limited to compare its clinical outcomes with an already established fixed-bearing (FB) implant design.

Methods: This is a prospective randomized study comparing 260 patients in the MB group and 133 patients in FB group with a minimum 2 years of follow-up.

Radiological evaluation of pelvic inlet and outlet radiographic view in Indian population.

Background: Pelvic fractures represent one of the most challenging clinical problems in which an urgent multidisciplinary approach is required. The early management in a suspected pelvic fracture starts with the good radiological evaluation. The standard radiographic view includes the anteroposterior, inlet and outlet views.

Inpatient diabetes management by specialized diabetes team versus primary service team in non-critical care units: impact on 30-day readmission rate and hospital cost.

Objective: We compared the cost-effectiveness of two inpatient diabetes care models: one offered by a specialized diabetes team (SDT) versus a primary service team (PST).

Research Design And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 756 hospital admissions of patients with diabetes to non-critical care units over 6 months. Out of 392 patients who met the eligibility criteria, 262 were matched 1:1 based on the mean of the initial four blood glucose (BG) values after admission.

Cancer Cell Targeting Using Folic Acid/Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Fluorescent CdSe/CdS/ZnS-Mercaptopropionic Acid and CdTe-Mercaptosuccinic Acid Quantum Dots.

CdSe/CdS/ZnS and CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized by successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique and direct aqueous synthesis respectively using thiol stabilizers. Synthesized CdSe/CdS/ZnS and CdTe QDs stabilized with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) were used as fluorescent labels after conjugation with folic acid (FA) and anti-HER2 antibodies. Photoluminescence quantum yield of folated CdSe/CdS/ZnS-MPA and CdTe-MSA QDs was 59% and 77% than that of non-folated hydrophilic QDs.

Cancer Cell Targeting Using Folic Acid/Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Fluorescent CdSe/CdS/ZnS-MPA and CdTe-MSA Quantum Dots.

CdSe/CdS/ZnS and CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized by successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique and direct aqueous synthesis respectively using thiol stabilizers. Synthesized CdSe/CdS/ZnS and CdTe QDs stabilized with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) were used as fluorescent labels after conjugation with folic acid (FA) and anti-HER2 antibodies. Photoluminescence quantum yield of folated CdSe/CdS/ZnS-MPA and CdTe-MSA QDs was 59% and 77% than that of non-folated hydrophilic QDs.

In vivo efficacy and toxicity evaluation of polycaprolactone nanoparticles and aluminum based admixture formulation as vaccine delivery system.

Delivery of antigen through admixture formulation containing poly caprolactone (PCL) and aluminum phosphate was studied as a promising strategy to generate antigen specific immune response. The present study demonstrates the synergistic effect of admixture formulation of PCL with reduced aluminum (PCL-Al 0.2 mg-TT and PCL-PEG-Al 0.

Low iodine diet in differentiated thyroid cancer: a review.

Radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation is a beneficial, adjuvant therapy for the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) after thyroidectomy. The goal of RAI is to destroy remnant thyroid and microscopic cancerous tissue. Radioactive iodine uptake is enhanced by elevating TSH levels and initiating a low iodine diet (LID) prior to ablation.

Pitfalls in the diagnosis and management of Cushing's syndrome.

Despite many recent advances, the management of patients with Cushing's disease continues to be challenging. Cushing's syndrome is a complex metabolic disorder that is a result of excess glucocorticoids. Excluding the exogenous causes, adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas account for nearly 70% of all cases of Cushing's syndrome.

Intracellular delivery of peptide cargos using iron oxide based nanoparticles: studies on antitumor efficacy of a BCL-2 converting peptide, NuBCP-9.

Delivering peptides into cells targeting the undruggable oncoproteins is an emerging area in cancer therapeutics. Here we report a novel nanoparticle-based delivery system that can transport therapeutic cargos to the intracellular sites without the need for a cell transduction or penetration domain (CPP). In the present study, we have used iron oxide nanoparticles to deliver an oncopeptide, NuBCP-9, targeting the BCL-2 BH3 domain.

Evaluation of synergistic effect of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles and aluminum based adjuvant for improving vaccine efficacy.

Aluminum based adjuvants have been used widely to induce long lasting protective immunity through vaccination. But reported incidences of toxicity and side effects of aluminum have raised concerns regarding their safety in childhood vaccines. The present study demonstrates the synergistic effect of admixture of polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol (PLA-PEG) based biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) and aluminum phosphate as a potential adjuvant system using tetanus toxoid (TT) as a model antigen.

A randomized controlled trial of the embrace advanced scar therapy device to reduce incisional scar formation.

Background: Scarring represents a significant biomedical burden in clinical medicine. Mechanomodulation has been linked to scarring through inflammation, but until now a systematic approach to attenuate mechanical force and reduce scarring has not been possible.

Methods: The authors conducted a 12-month, prospective, open-label, randomized, multicenter clinical trial to evaluate abdominoplasty scar appearance following postoperative treatment with the embrace Advanced Scar Therapy device to reduce mechanical forces on healing surgical incisions.

Digital micromirror devices: principles and applications in imaging.

A digital micromirror device (DMD) is an array of individually switchable mirrors that can be used in many advanced optical systems as a rapid spatial light modulator. With a DMD, several implementations of confocal microscopy, hyperspectral imaging, and fluorescence lifetime imaging can be realized. The DMD can also be used as a real-time optical processor for applications such as the programmable array microscope and compressive sensing.

Impairment of immune systems in diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that involves the progressive destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of langerhans. It is a complex process that results from the loss of tolerance to insulin and other beta-cell-specific antigens. Various genetic and environmental factors have been studied so far, but precise causation has yet to be established.

Neo adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy and rectal cancer: can India follow the West?

Aims: The management of locally advanced rectal cancer has changed over the years with an emphasis on neoadjuvant chemo radiation therapy (CT-RT) followed by surgery. This study is undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of this treatment in our set of patients with a special focus on the outcome in large circumferential tumors.

Materials And Methods: The study included patients who underwent neo adjuvant CT-RT between Jan 2006 and Oct 2009 in our institution.

Fatty liver disease in children--what should one do?

The world's population is increasingly overweight and obese. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) as of 2010, 43 million children under the age of five were overweight. Once considered to be limited to developed countries, overweight and obese children are now found in low- and middle-income countries, though most commonly in urban areas.

Three-dimensional conformal brachytherapy boost in locally recurrent or residual cervical carcinoma: does it impact clinical outcome?

Aim: To analyze the influence of computed tomography (CT)-guided 3D conformal interstitial brachytherapy (3D-IBT) boost for better coverage of target volumes and study the diametric impact to organ at risk in patients with post-surgery recurrent and residual cervical cancer.

Material And Methods: Fourteen consecutive patients with recurrent or residual cervical cancer who were treated with interstitial brachytherapy as a boost were included in the study. All patients received 50.

MIPModDB: a central resource for the superfamily of major intrinsic proteins.

The channel proteins belonging to the major intrinsic proteins (MIP) superfamily are diverse and are found in all forms of life. Water-transporting aquaporin and glycerol-specific aquaglyceroporin are the prototype members of the MIP superfamily. MIPs have also been shown to transport other neutral molecules and gases across the membrane.