[Cytotoxic and cytogenetic effects of radiation are modulated by introduction of RNA preparations obtained from various body tissues].

We studied the influence of various gamma-ray doses on the death pattern of Wistar rats and the changes in lethality after introduction of RNA isolated from various tissues in the organism. All studied RNA introduced into the irradiated animals proved to clearly stimulate repair of the cells damaged by radiation and to decrease both cytotoxic and cytogenetic effects of gamma-rays. The most pronounced effect on the cells was specific for RNA isolated from the matching tissue.

[Immobilized forms of daunorubicin in patients with acute leukemia].

Aim: To study pharmacokinetics of liposomal daunorubicine DaunoXome and daunorubicine (rubomycin) associated with red cells: to assess their effectiveness and toxicity in patients with acute leukemia.

Materials And Methods: 7 patients with resistant or recurrent acute leukemia entered the trial. Of them 2 patients had acute myeloid leukemia.

[Detrimental effects of Daunorubicin and Doxorubicin on human erythrocytes in vitro].

In isotonic medium, daunorubicin in the concentration range of 0.5-5.0 mg/ml of cells and doxorubicin in the concentration range of 0.

[Modification of the mutagenic effects of gamma radiation by heavy metal salts].

The effect of K2Cr2O7 and (CH3COO)2Pb on the mutagenic activity of gamma rays was studied by a micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow polychromatocytes. Acute and chronic combined actions of the two factors were investigated. Chromium ions (VI) enhanced mutagenic effects of gamma rays in both acute and chronic experiments.

[Energy-dependent processes and metabolism of adenylates in human erythrocytes].

Amphotericin B (1-3 mg/l) decreases the ATP content in erythrocytes by 11-26% and stimulates the K+ efflux but has no effect on the adenylate pool. Adenosine added to the erythrocyte suspension increases the adenylate pool, maintains a high intracellular ATP level for 6-8 hours of incubation at 37 degrees C and diminishes the amphotericin B-induced leakage of K+. Incubation of erythrocytes without glucose for 4-5 hours leads to a 20-50% loss of ATP accompanied by a significant reduction of the adenylate pool.

[Analysis of geometric parameters and mechanical properties of erythrocytes by filtration through nuclear membrane filters. II. Experimental verification of a mathematical model].

In the accompanying paper the process of erythrocyte passage through pores of membrane nuclear filters has been modelled. In order to test the model we have studied how the filtration rate of human erythrocyte suspension depends on osmoticity of the resuspending medium at various experimental conditions. We have tested and verified the model conclusion that the zero filtration rate is reached at the critical osmoticity value which depends only on geometrical parameters of the pore and the cell and not on other properties of the erythrocyte.

[Effect of temperature, daunorubicin concentration and suspension hematocrit on daunorubicin binding by human erythrocytes].

When incubated in the isotonic medium containing daunorubicin, human erythrocytes bound daunorubicin. At the initial concentration of daunorubicin in the medium of not higher than 1 mg/ml, the suspension hematocrit of about 30 per cent and the temperature of 25 degrees C the maximum binding of daunorubicin was achieved in approximately 30 minutes and was equal to about 80 per cent of the initial content. When the temperature was lowered from 30 to 15 degrees C the initial rate of the daunorubicin binding by the erythrocytes decreased several times.

[Analysis of geometric parameters and mechanical properties of erythrocytes by filtration through nuclear membrane filters. I. A mathematical model].

A mathematical model is constructed, which quantitatively describes the rate of erythrocyte passage through pores of nuclear membrane filters during filtration of a diluted erythrocyte suspension upon action of a constant hydrostatic pressure. The following main factors have been taken into account: geometrical constraints linking the surface area of the erythrocyte membrane, the erythrocyte volume and the geometrical parameters of the filter pores; mechanical characteristics of the erythrocyte membrane; viscosity of the intracellular content. Analysis of the model allows us to conclude that it is possible to extract information about all above erythrocyte characteristics from the experimental curves describing, dependency of the filtration rate of the erythrocyte suspension from the osmoticity of the outer medium.

[Use of antibiotics and their combinations with immunomodulators in treatment of experimental salmonellosis in albino rats].

Efficacy of the combined therapy of experimental salmonellosis was studied on albino rats with using ampicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline and immunomodulators such as levamisole and quadevite. The influence of the combined chemoimmunotherapy on the indices of the nonspecific resistance of the animals i.e.

[A filtration study of erythrocyte deformability].

The study of two flow methods (constant flow method and initial flow rate method) has been conducted to specify and compare methodological approaches to quantitation of red cell deformability. Washed red cells were resuspended in saline medium with glucose and albumin and examined for deformability by the above methods under different conditions. The parameters are presented to characterize flow curves obtained with the constant flow method.

[Effect of combined preventive use of quadevit with antibiotics on the survival and humoral immune response in experimental studies].

An attempt to correct with quadevit immunodepression due to prophylactic administration of benzylpenicillin and gentamicin for 6 days provided positive results. There was a significant increase in the quantities of Ig 19S and Ig 7S after the animal immunization with the bacterial antigen, an increase in the number of the AFCs in the spleen of the albino mice in response to administration of sheep erythrocytes and an increase in the survival rate of the animals with salmonellosis. The simultaneous use of quadevit with cefamezine and erythromycin did not lower the unfavourable influence of the antibiotics on the immune status of the animals.

[Specifics of changes in various groups of enzymes in rat cerebral cortex after interstrain transplantation of embryonal nerve tissue].

Embryonal nervous tissue from Wistar rats was transplanted into male rats of Wistar and August strains. Activity of eight enzymes belonging to various systems was estimated in brain cortex of rats recipients within 36 days after the transplantation. Lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, acid phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, ATPase and aldolase exhibited the dissimilarly decreased rate of activity in brain cortex of Wistar rats after transplantation as compared with the enzymatic activity in intact animals of this strain, while activity of alkaline phosphatase and esterases hydrolyzing alpha-naphthyl acetate was increased.

[Changes in the esterase activity and isoenzyme spectrum following the transplantation of embryonic nerve tissue into the brain of adult rats].

Nervous tissue of 17-days old rat embryos was transplanted into lateral ventricle of the brain of adult rats. 15 days after transplantation esterase activity was analyzed from transplant tissue and flanking regions of cerebral cortex. Isoenzymes were shown to activate their activity after embryonic tissue transplantation either in transplants or flanking regions.

[Immunomodulating effect of levamisole in antibiotic therapy].

The use of ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, gentamicin, erythromycin, cefamezine or cephaloridine in combination with levamisole aimed at increasing their efficacy and correcting the adverse reactions was studied. Immunological activity of the antibiotics was comparatively characterized by using standard methods. It was shown that the character of the antibiotic effect on the basic factors of nonspecific resistance and immunity was heterogeneous.

[Changes in the activity of different classes of enzymes in the cerebral cortex of rats in ontogeny and after the transplantation of embryonic nerve tissue].

The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), indophenol oxidase, aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT), alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and aldolase at different stages of rat development was measured. We have also determined changes in the activity of these enzymes resulting from transplantation of embryonic nerve tissue (ENT) into the brain of adult animals. During development from the embryo to the adult animal, LDH and AsAT activities increased, while alkaline phosphatase activity diminished.

[The short-term and long-lasting changes in DNA and RNA synthesis in the cerebral cortex cells of animals subjected to hypoxia and nerve tissue transplantation].

The DNA and RNA synthesis in the cells of the brain cortex of intact rats and animals subjected to hypoxia, hypoxia with subsequent transplantation or by the local brain injury has been investigated. The DNA synthesis changes insignificantly in the case of hypoxia, it enhances slightly in the area of the injury and increases much more after transplantation. The RNA synthesis decreases considerably immediately after hypoxia and decreases much more 120 days later.

[14C-adenine incorporation into neurons and glia of the cerebral cortex of rats after hypoxia and transplantation of embryonal nerve tissue].

Incorporation of 14C-adenine (imp/min per mg) into RNA of brain tissue and into fractions of neurones and glial cells of cerebral cortex was studied rats with diffuse damage (hypoxia), with local injury of brain tissue and after transplantation of embryonal nervous tissue. The diffuse damage decreased a number of cells in the fraction enriched with neurones and, therefore, diminished incorporation of the marker into the whole preparation. No significant changes was found in a number of glial cells.

[The recording of ATP in the erythrocytes using luciferase injected into the cells].

The luciferase preparation obtained from fireflies Luciola mingrelica has entrapped into the human erythrocytes by means of reversible osmotic lysis. The addition of luciferin to such erythrocytes leads to the appearance of luminescence, conditioned by the entrance of luciferin into the cells. Luciferin is uniformly distributed between cells and external medium.

[Quantitative and qualitative changes in protein biosynthesis induced by hypoxia and transplantation of embryonic nerve tissue into the brain of adult mammals].

The changes in biochemical processes in brain cortex in rats with experimental hypoxia and hypoxia with consequent transplantation of embryonic nervous tissue into brain of adults have been studied. A small increase (2-3 times) in incorporation of biosynthesis precursors was observed as a result of transplantation both in normal and in hypoxic rats. These changes could be observed 100 days after the transplantation.