Does Adopting Western Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Targets Expose Indians to a Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Events? Expert Opinion From the Lipid Association of India.

Adverse cardiovascular (CV) events have declined in Western countries due at least in part to aggressive risk factor control, including dyslipidemia management. The American and European (Western) dyslipidemia treatment guidelines have contributed significantly to the reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) incidence in the respective populations. However, their direct extrapolation to Indian patients does not seem appropriate for the reasons described below.

The Promise of Cilnidipine in Hypertension with Comorbidities: National Consensus Statement: National Consensus Group Comprises Cardiologists, Nephrologists, and Diabetologists from India in a National Meet at New Delhi held on 22 May 2022.

The rapidly increasing burden of hypertension is responsible for premature deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal disease, and stroke, with a tremendous public health and financial burden. Hypertension detection, treatment, and control vary worldwide; it is still low, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). High blood pressure (BP) and CVD risk have a strong, linear, and independent association.

The Power and Promise of Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNI) in Heart Failure Management: National Consensus Statement.

;Heart failure (HF) is a huge global public health task due to morbidity, mortality, disturbed quality of life, and major economic burden. It is an area of active research and newer treatment strategies are evolving. Recently angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), a class of drugs (the first agent in this class, Sacubitril-Valsartan), reduces cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in chronic HF patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Changing pattern of admissions for acute myocardial infarction in India during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: Studies on the changes in the presentation and management of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during the COVID-19 pandemic from low- and middle-income countries are limited. We sought to determine the changes in the number of admissions, management practices, and outcomes of AMI during the pandemic period in India.

Methods & Results: In this two-timepoint cross-sectional study involving 187 hospitals across India, patients admitted with AMI between 15th March to 15th June in 2020 were compared with those admitted during the corresponding period of 2019.

Module for Interns in Medical Ethics: A Developmental Diegesis.

Background: Media report is rife with incidences of doctor-patients' conflict, and this partly is due to communication gap and unethical practices being adopted by the doctors. Our regular curriculum fails to impart any training in ethical issues in patient care. Imparting training to students in these soft-skills is the need of the hour.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Oesophagus with Tracheo- Esophageal Fistula, Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Hyperthyroidism in 16 yrs Old Female.

This case of a 16-year-old female with moderately-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula, hyperthyroidism and sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis with RNTCP Category 1 DOTS is reported because of its rarity. The patient presented with cough, vomiting, weight loss and respiratory distress.

Gestational diabetes: the public health relevance and approach.

The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally and the causes attributed are the ageing population, urbanization, obesity epidemic, physical inactivity and stressful modern life. While all these factors contribute to the epidemic of DM, intra-uterine exposures and gestational programming are emerging as potential risk factors. Gestational programming is a process whereby stimuli or stresses that occur at critical or sensitive periods of foetal development, permanently change structure, physiology, and metabolism, which predispose individuals to disease in adult life.