Simultaneous quantification of hyoscyamine and scopolamine using HPLC-DAD in four Solanaceae: and .

Alkaloids are a group of secondary metabolites that generate great interest since ancient times. Numerous Solanaceae plants are rich sources of tropane alkaloids as hyoscyamine and scopolamine which are obtained mainly from . In the present study it was developed an HPLC-DAD using an XBridge Phenyl column for the quantification of scopolamine and hyoscyamine, molecules used in pharmaceutical industry to treat stomach or intestinal disorders.

Structure of a protective epitope of group B type III capsular polysaccharide.

Despite substantial progress in the prevention of group B (GBS) disease with the introduction of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, this pathogen remains a leading cause of neonatal infection. Capsular polysaccharide conjugate vaccines have been tested in phase I/II clinical studies, showing promise for further development. Mapping of epitopes recognized by protective antibodies is crucial for understanding the mechanism of action of vaccines and for enabling antigen design.

Tyrosine-directed conjugation of large glycans to proteins via copper-free click chemistry.

We have demonstrated that the insertion of alkyne-containing bifunctional linkers into the tyrosine residues of the carrier protein, followed by the copper mediated azide-alkyne [3 + 2] cycloaddition of carbohydrates, is a robust approach for the preparation of glycoconjugates with defined glycans, carrier, and connectivity. Conjugation of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) capsular polysaccharides to streptococcal pilus protein could extend the vaccine coverage to a variety of strains. Application of our protocol to these large charged polysaccharides occurred at low yields.