Pesticide Residues and Berry Microbiome after Ozonated Water Washing in Table Grape Storage.

Nowadays, different systems for reducing pesticides in table grapes are being tested at different production stages either in the field or in postharvest. The present study tested ozonated water treatments at the beginning of the cold storage of the Princess seedless table grape variety to reduce the residue contents of some pesticides and to evaluate their effect on gray mold and the berry microbiome. An ozone generator capable of producing an ozone concentration ranging from 18 to 65 Nm was utilized for obtaining three ozone concentration levels in water: 3, 5 and 10 mg/L.

Effect of over crop and reduced yield by cluster thinning on phenolic and volatile compounds of grapes and wines of 'Sangiovese' trained to Tendone.

Background: 'Sangiovese' (Vitis vinifera L.) is a well-known Italian wine grape utilized for producing the prestigious Chianti Classico brand. Here, 'Sangiovese' is generally trained to a vertical training system, with an imposed crop level of around 3-5 kg per vine to preserve grape quality.

Effect of two exogenous plant growth regulators on the color and quality parameters of seedless table grape berries.

Some red-pink table grape varieties, cultivated in warm climates, can fail in achieving the right level of anthocyanins responsible for the intense and uniform red color of berries. Nowadays, this is becoming an important technological issue in the Mediterranean area, which may result in decreasing market acceptance and potential economic value of table grape. Usually, plant growth regulators or phytohormones, such as S-ABA, can overcome this problem because they drive the accumulation of anthocyanins over the ripening season.

Optimized ultrasonic-assisted extraction of phenolic antioxidants from grape ( L.) skin using response surface methodology.

Currently, the analysis of bioactive compounds is easily carried out by modern chromatographic and spectrometric techniques, but the success of the procedure still depends on the efficiency of the extraction methods. This work aimed at finding the optimal conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolic antioxidants from grape skin using single-factor experimentation combined with response-surface methodology. Our extraction parameters were ethanol concentration, time and temperature.

Ampelometric Leaf Trait and SSR Loci Selection for a Multivariate Statistical Approach in Vitis vinifera L. Biodiversity Management.

High estimated heritability values were recently revealed for mature leaf traits in grape (Vitis vinifera L.), thus redeeming ampelography in the era of molecular markers. The "Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin (OIV)" set a list of hundreds of descriptors for grapevine in order to standardize ampelographic and ampelometric scores.

Maceration with stems contact fermentation: effect on proanthocyanidins compounds and color in Primitivo red wines.

Three Primitivo (Vitis vinifera, cv.) red wines were microvinified by means of different winemaking technologies: no stem-contact fermentation destemming 100% of grapes (D100); stem-contact fermentation destemming 75%, 50% of grapes (D75-D50) respectively. The objectives of this work were to improve proanthocyanidins content in wine, to monitor the relationships between anthocyanins/tannins and to detect the effects on the polymerization state of polyphenols after 12 months storage of wines.

Morphological variability in leaves and molecular characterization of novel table grape candidate cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.).

The present work report the characterization of twenty-one table grapes candidate cultivars plus five registered ones included as reference, by means of 47 ampelographic traits, 23 ampelometric measurements and six microsatellite loci. The final goal of the research was to analyse the possibility of reducing the number of morphological and molecular tools required for a precise and effective description of a grape genotype or cultivar. This would be of great help for future biodiversity description on a larger sample of more than 300 table grapes accessions today grown at the 'Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura (C.

Validation assay of p3_VvAGL11 marker in a wide range of genetic background for early selection of stenospermocarpy in Vitis vinifera L.

DNA markers technology, derived from research in molecular biology and genomics, offers great promise for plant breeding, allowing the "molecular breeding" via marker-assisted selection. Grapevine genomic resources allowed, in recent years, the characterization at molecular level of genes involved in interesting phenotypes such as stenospermocarpic seedlessness, a trait really appreciated by consumers. Recent studies in table grapes revealed that the VvAGL11 gene, member of the D-lineage MADS-box family, controls the ovule identity, and thus potentially playing an important role in stenospermocarpy.

sunTILL: a TILLING resource for gene function analysis in sunflower.

Background: Cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is a globally important oilseed crop, subjected to intensive genetic and genomic studies. Although classical mutagenesis has successfully been applied to Helianthus genus in the past, we have developed the first sunflower TILLING resource.

An evaluation of a new approach to the regeneration of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don, and the molecular characterization of the variation among sets of differently derived regenerants.

A protocol for the induction of regeneration from leaves of Helichrysum italicum was established. Calli were found to form on the basal medium only when it was supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ) alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), with a percentage ranking of at least 80%. The hormone-free medium showed the highest percentage of shoot regeneration (62%) even though no callus formed.