Masseteric-facial anastomosis and hypoglossal-facial anastomosis after lateral skull base and middle ear surgery.

Introduction: Lateral skull base (LSB) and middle ear pathologies often involve the facial nerve (FN), and their treatment may require FN sacrifice. Cases with unidentifiable proximal stump or intact FN with complete FN palsy, necessitate FN anastomosis with another motor nerve in order to restore innervation to the mimicking musculature. The results of hypoglossal-to-facial nerve anastomosis (HFA) and masseteric-facial nerve anastomosis in patients with facial paralysis after middle ear and LSB surgeries, are presented and compared.

Acquired cholesteatoma after cochlear implants: case series and literature review.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence and management of acquired cholesteatoma after cochlear implantation in pediatric and adult patients.

Methods: Retrospective case review of pediatric and adult cochlear implants (CI) followed at a tertiary referral center and literature review of acquired cholesteatoma after CI surgery, to identify its prevalence, cause, and treatment.

Results: Nine pediatric CIs were diagnosed with cholesteatoma in seven patients after 6.

A New Treatment Option in Incomplete Partition Type III: The Varese Bone-Air Stimulation (B.A.S.).

The incomplete partition type III is a severe cochlear malformation present in X-linked deafness. It is a rare, non-syndromic cause of severe to profound mixed hearing loss, often progressive. The complete absence of bony modiolus and the wide communication between the cochlea and the internal auditory canal make cochlear implantation challenging, with still no consensus on the management of these patients.

Management of Vestibular Schwannoma with Normal Hearing.

Introduction: This work aimed to study the management of vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients with normal hearing (NH).

Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken in a Quaternary referral center for skull base pathologies. Among 4,000 VS patients 162 met our strict audiological criteria for NH.

The otologic approach in the management of posterior petrous surface meningiomas.

Purpose: Report our experience in the management of posterior petrous surface meningiomas (PPSMs), and identify features that affect hearing, facial nerve (FN) function, and control of the disease.

Methods: Retrospective case series of 131 patients surgically managed for PPSMs. FN status, hearing and tumour radicality were assessed and compared between patients with tumours of different locations (Desgeorges classification) and internal auditory canal involvement (IAC).

Long term outcomes of canal wall up and canal wall down tympanomastoidectomies in pediatric cholesteatoma.

Unlabelled: Cholesteatomas in children have a more aggressive growth pattern compared to adults, which leads to a higher incidence of both residual and recurrent disease. A staged canal wall-up or a canal wall-down tympanomastoidectomy (CWUT and CWDT, respectively) is selected depending on the extent of the disease and condition of the middle ear (ME) cleft and mastoid. Endoscopic ear surgery (EES) has been recently introduced as an adjuvant tool for the treatment of this pathology even in the pediatric population.

HIC1 Represses Atoh1 Transcription and Hair Cell Differentiation in the Cochlea.

Across species, expression of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor ATOH1 promotes differentiation of cochlear supporting cells to sensory hair cells required for hearing. In mammals, this process is limited to development, whereas nonmammalian vertebrates can also regenerate hair cells after injury. The mechanistic basis for this difference is not fully understood.

Management of squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone: long-term results and factors influencing outcomes.

Objective: Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is a rare, aggressive tumor. Surgery, alone or combined with radiotherapy, represent the mainstay of treatment. To report our experience in the treatment of TBSCC and evaluate the disease-specific survival, identifying the factors influencing this outcome.

The endolymphatic sac tumor: challenges in the eradication of a localized disease.

Objective: Identify the critical points that lead to recurrences and lack of radicality in endolymphatic sac tumors (ELSTs).

Study Design: Retrospective case study and review of the literature.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Meningiomas of the Internal Auditory Canal.

Objective: Identify and define specific preoperative and postoperative characteristics of intracanalicular meningiomas (ICMs) in order to improve their diagnosis and management, and to differentiate them from intrameatal vestibular schwannomas (IMVSs).

Methods: Preoperative symptomatology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and postoperative outcomes of 28 ICMs were analyzed. The results were compared to the literature and IMVSs treated by our group.

Robot-based assistance in middle ear surgery and cochlear implantation: first clinical report.

Purpose: Middle ear surgery may benefit from robot-based assistance to hold micro-instruments or an endoscope. However, the surgical gesture performed by one hand may perturb surgeons accustomed to two-handed surgery. A robot-based holder may combine the benefits from endoscopic exposure and a two-handed technique.

Surgical Labyrinthectomy and Cochlear Implantation in Menière's Disease.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the results of labyrinthectomy and cochlear implantation (CI) on hearing, vertigo, and tinnitus and evaluate the adequacy of labyrinthectomy and CI for the treatment of end stage Menière's Disease (MD).

Study Design: Retrospective case review.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Management of a cocaine-induced palatal perforation with a nasal septal button.

A cocaine-induced midline destructive lesion (CIMDL) is a rare consequence of cocaine insufflation that involves the nose, sinuses, and occasionally the palate. Palatal perforations compromise swallowing, mastication, and speech. An obturator prosthesis can be used to overcome these complications.