Biomechanical factors associated with patellofemoral pain in children and adolescents.

To investigate the biomechanical factors associated with patellofemoral pain in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional, population-based study conducted in Brazil from 2019 to 2023, involving students from public schools. Adjusted prevalence ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals for the outcome in relation to independent variables were calculated for association analysis, adopting a significance level of 5%.

Exploring a De Novo Route to Bradyrhizose: Synthesis and Isomeric Equilibrium of Bradyrhizose Diastereomers.

A de novo asymmetric strategy for the synthesis of d-bradyrhizose diastereomers from an achiral ketoenolester precursor is described. Key transformations used in the stereodivergent approach include two Noyori asymmetric reductions, an Achmatowicz rearrangement, diastereoselective alkene oxidations, and the first example of a palladium(0)-catalyzed glycosylation of a vinylogous pyranone. The isomeric composition of the bicyclic reducing sugars obtained was analyzed and their behaviour was compared to the natural product, revealing key stereocentres that impact the overall distribution.

Structure-activity relationship of avocadyne.

Avocado consumption is associated with numerous health benefits. Avocadyne is a terminally unsaturated, 17-carbon long acetogenin found almost exclusively in avocados with noted anti-leukemia and anti-viral properties. In this study, specific structural features such as the terminal triple bond, odd number of carbons, and stereochemistry are shown to be critical to its ability to suppress mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and impart selective activity in vitro and in vivo.

Urinary Incontinence in Physically Active Older Women of Northeast Brazil.

Low- and moderate-impact physical activity (PA) is associated with the prevention of urinary incontinence (UI). The objective of the cross-sectional study presented herein is to analyze the factors associated with UI in physically older active women who participate in senior community groups. The variable UI was measured by the International Consultation Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF).

Metabolic Syndrome in HIV-patients in Antiretroviral Therapy.

Introduction: The global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among people living with HIV/AIDS varies from 20% to 33%.

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in a group of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with HIV-infected patients from a reference center in Bahia, Brazil.

Asymmetric Synthesis of Avocadyne, Avocadene, and Avocadane Stereoisomers.

The asymmetric synthesis of all possible stereoisomers of two polyketide natural products, avocadyne, avocadene, and the saturated variant avocadane, is described. The stereodivergent synthesis of the 12 congeners is accomplished in 4-6 steps from an achiral acylpyruvate derivative, which, in turn, is prepared in five steps from commercially available materials. The approach uses, sequentially, a Noyori asymmetric reduction, a diastereoselective chelate- or directed reduction of a β-hydroxyketone, and an ester reduction to a primary alcohol.