Health-related fitness benefits following concurrent high-intensity interval training and resistance training in patients with type-1 diabetes or type-2 diabetes.

Introduction: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), as assessed by VOpeak, along with metabolic and cardiovascular health indices, represents the strongest predictors of survival. However, it remains unclear whether concurrent high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training (RT) can similarly enhance these health markers in patients with type-1 diabetes (T1D) or type-2 diabetes (T2D) compared to healthy individuals.

Methods: Adults with uncomplicated T1D or T2D and healthy normoglycemic controls matched for sex and age (HC1 and HC2) performed 3 training sessions/week of concurrent HIIT and RT for 12 weeks.

Effect of a new resistance training method on the metaboreflex in cardiac rehabilitation patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Patients with cardiac disease exhibit exaggerated sympathoexcitation, pressor, and ventilatory responses to muscle metaboreflex activation (MMA). However, the effects of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and especially resistance training (RT) modalities on MMA are not well known. This study investigated how CR impacts MMA in such patients, specifically examining the effects of two different resistance training (RT) protocols following 12 weeks of CR.

Smartphone-Derived Seismocardiography: Robust Approach for Accurate Cardiac Energy Assessment in Patients with Various Cardiovascular Conditions.

Seismocardiography (SCG), a method for measuring heart-induced chest vibrations, is gaining attention as a non-invasive, accessible, and cost-effective approach for cardiac pathologies, diagnosis, and monitoring. This study explores the integration of SCG acquired through smartphone technology by assessing the accuracy of metrics derived from smartphone recordings and their consistency when performed by patients. Therefore, we assessed smartphone-derived SCG's reliability in computing median kinetic energy parameters per record in 220 patients with various cardiovascular conditions.

Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockade Effects on Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Testing in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Beta-blockers are increasingly prescribed while the effects of beta-adrenergic receptor blockade on cardio-pulmonary exercise test (CPET)-derived parameters remain under-studied.

Methods: Twenty-one young healthy adults repeated three CPET at the same time with an interval of 7 days between each test. The tests were performed 3 h after a random, double-blind, cross-over single-dose intake of placebo, 2.

Exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention to protect pancreatic beta cells in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Aims/hypothesis: Diabetes is characterised by progressive loss of functional pancreatic beta cells. None of the therapeutic agents used to treat diabetes arrest this process; preventing beta cell loss remains a major unmet need. We have previously shown that serum from eight young healthy male participants who exercised for 8 weeks protected human islets and insulin-producing EndoC-βH1 cells from apoptosis induced by proinflammatory cytokines or the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressor thapsigargin.

Corrigendum: Right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling impairment and exercise capacity in obese adults.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.

Right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling impairment and exercise capacity in obese adults.

Background: Obesity-related exercise intolerance may be associated with pulmonary vascular and right ventricular dysfunction. This study tested the hypothesis that decreased pulmonary vascular reserve and right ventricular (RV)-pulmonary arterial (PA) uncoupling contributes to exercise limitation in subjects with obesity.

Methods: Seventeen subjects with obesity were matched to normo-weighted healthy controls.

Effectiveness of Whole-Body High-Intensity Interval Training on Health-Related Fitness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Due to its versatility, whole-body high-intensity interval training (WB-HIIT) can be proposed to the general population and patients to improve health-related fitness. However, its effectiveness compared to traditional aerobic continuous or interval trainings has yet to be determined. A search of four electronic databases was conducted.

Lean Mass Loss and Altered Muscular Aerobic Capacity after Bariatric Surgery.

Introduction: Patients undergoing weight loss surgery do not improve their aerobic capacity or peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) after bariatric surgery and some still complain about asthenia and/or breathlessness. We investigated the hypothesis that a post-surgery muscular limitation could impact the ventilatory response to exercise by evaluating the post-surgery changes in muscle mass, strength, and muscular aerobic capacity, measured by the first ventilatory threshold (VT).

Methods: Thirteen patients with obesity were referred to our university exercise laboratory before and 6 months after bariatric surgery and were matched by sex, age, and height to healthy subjects with normal weight.

Exercise stress echocardiography of the pulmonary circulation and right ventricular-arterial coupling in healthy adolescents.

Aims: To explore the effects of age and sex in adolescents vs. young or middle-aged adults on pulmonary vascular function and right ventricular-arterial (RV-PA) coupling as assessed by exercise stress echocardiography.

Methods And Results: Forty healthy adolescents aged 12-15 years were compared with 40 young adults aged 17-22 years and 40 middle-aged adults aged 30-50 years.

Noninvasive Pulmonary Hemodynamic Evaluation in Athletes With Exercise-Induced Hypoxemia.

Background: Pulmonary capillary stress failure is potentially involved in exercise-induced hypoxemia (ie, a significant fall in hemoglobin oxygen saturation [Spo]) during sea level exercise in endurance-trained athletes. It is unknown whether there are specific properties of pulmonary vascular function in athletes exhibiting oxygen desaturation.

Methods: Ten endurance-trained athletes with exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH), nine endurance-trained athletes with no exercise-induced hypoxemia (NEIH), and 10 untrained control subjects underwent an incremental exercise stress echocardiography coupled with lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (Dlco) and lung diffusion capacity for nitric oxide (Dlno) testing.

Short halt in vaping modifies cardiorespiratory parameters and urine metabolome: a randomized trial.

Propylene glycol and glycerol are e-cigarette constituents that facilitate liquid vaporization and nicotine transport. As these small hydrophilic molecules quickly cross the lung epithelium, we hypothesized that short-term cessation of vaping in regular users would completely clear aerosol deposit from the lungs and reverse vaping-induced cardiorespiratory toxicity. We aimed to assess the acute effects of vaping and their reversibility on biological/clinical cardiorespiratory parameters [serum/urine pneumoproteins, hemodynamic parameters, lung-function test and diffusing capacities, transcutaneous gas tensions (primary outcome), and skin microcirculatory blood flow].

Assessment of energy expenditure during high intensity cycling and running using a heart rate and activity monitor in young active adults.

Objective: Although high intensity physical activities may represent a great proportion of the total energy expenditure in active people, only sparse studies have investigated the accuracy of wearable monitors to assess activity related energy expenditure (AEE) during high intensity exercises. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the accuracy of the Actiheart, a light portable monitor estimating AEE based on heart rate (HR) and activity counts (ACT), during two popular activities (running and cycling) performed at high intensities. The benefit of an individual calibration of the HR-AEE relationship established during a preliminary maximal test was also evaluated.

Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Women Aerobic Exercise Capacity.

Rationale: Bariatric surgery has a considerable positive effect on weight loss and on metabolic and cardiovascular risks. It has therefore been extensively used this last decade to overcome obesity. However, the impact of this surgery on exercise capacity remains unclear.

Right ventricular dyssynchrony during hypoxic breathing but not during exercise in healthy subjects: a speckle tracking echocardiography study.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Right ventricular dyssynchrony in severe pulmonary hypertension is associated with a poor prognosis. However, it has recently been observed in patients with lung or connective tissue disease and pulmonary artery pressure at the upper limits of normal. The mechanisms of right ventricular dyssynchrony in pulmonary hypertension remain uncertain.

Pulmonary Vascular Function and Aerobic Exercise Capacity at Moderate Altitude.

Purpose: There has been suggestion that a greater "pulmonary vascular reserve" defined by a low pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and a high lung diffusing capacity (DL) allow for a superior aerobic exercise capacity. How pulmonary vascular reserve might affect exercise capacity at moderate altitude is not known.

Methods: Thirty-eight healthy subjects underwent an exercise stress echocardiography of the pulmonary circulation, combined with measurements of DL for nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) and a cardiopulmonary exercise test at sea level and at an altitude of 2250 m.

Lung diffusing capacity in sub-Saharan Africans versus European Caucasians.

Single breath measurements of lung diffusing capacity (DL) for carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) were performed in age-, sex-, weight- and height-matched 32 sub-Saharan Africans (13 women) and 32 Caucasian Europeans, and repeated in 14 of each group at 80% of maximum exercise capacity. In Africans versus Caucasians respectively, DL was 153±31 vs 176±38ml/mmHg/min at rest (P<0.001) and 210±48 vs 241±52ml/mmHg/min at exercise (P<0.

Effects of body position on exercise capacity and pulmonary vascular pressure-flow relationships.

There has been revival of interest in exercise testing of the pulmonary circulation for the diagnosis of pulmonary vascular disease, but there still is uncertainty about body position and the most relevant measurements. Doppler echocardiography pulmonary hemodynamic measurements were performed at progressively increased workloads in 26 healthy adult volunteers in supine, semirecumbent, and upright positions that were randomly assigned at 24-h intervals. Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was estimated from the maximum tricuspid regurgitation jet velocity.