Effect of extrinsic pigmentation and multiple firing cycles on the properties of a zirconia-containing lithium silicate ceramic.

Purpose: To assess the impact of staining and multiple firings on the mechanical, optical, and surface characteristics of zirconia-containing lithium silicate ceramics (ZLS).

Materials And Methods: Ninety ZLS discs (Suprinity, VITA Zahnfabrick) were divided according to the "Number of firings" protocol: Ctr-control, no characterization; SC-single firing cycle (for characterization, crystallization and staining simultaneously); and DC-double firing cycle (crystallization firing cycle was performed separately from the staining firing). Extrinsic pigmentation was performed to replicate the characterization of a monolithic restoration.

Triglyceride-lowering therapies in hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis in China: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: No specific triglyceride-lowering therapy is recommended in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP), primarily because of the lack of quality evidence. This study aimed to describe practice variations in triglyceride-lowering therapies for early HTG-AP patients and assess whether more rapid triglyceride decline is associated with improving organ failure.

Methods: This is a multicentre, prospective cohort study recruiting HTG-AP patients with elevated plasma triglyceride (> 11.

Immuno-PET/CT Imaging of Trop2 with [F]AlF-RESCA-T4 Differentiates Lung Cancer from Inflammation.

Immuno-PET/CT imaging, a branch of molecular imaging, can noninvasively and specifically visualize biomarker expression across the body. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) is a pan-cancer biomarker and plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis through multiple signaling pathways. The study aims to develop and translate novel Trop2 single-domain antibody (sdAb) tracers for clinical use.

Effect of staining solutions on color and translucency stability of resin-composite computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing blocks.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the color difference (ΔE) and translucency changes (ΔTP) of resin-composite computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing blocks after exposure to staining solutions.

Methods: A total of 250 rectangular specimens (1.0-mm thick) were prepared from 4 resin-based composites (Brilliant Crios [Coltène Whaledent], Lava Ultimate [3M], Hyramic [Upcera], and Shofu HC [Shofu]) and a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network material (Vita Enamic [Vita Zahnfabrik]).

The DLEU2/miR-15a/miR-16-1 cluster shapes the immune microenvironment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

The development and progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) depend on genetic abnormalities and on the immunosuppressive microenvironment. We have explored the possibility that genetic drivers might be responsible for the immune cell dysregulation that shapes the protumor microenvironment. We performed a transcriptome analysis of coding and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) during leukemia progression in the Rag2γ MEC1-based xenotransplantation model.

Autoinflammation in patients with leukocytic CBL loss of heterozygosity is caused by constitutive ERK-mediated monocyte activation.

Patients heterozygous for germline CBL loss-of-function (LOF) variants can develop myeloid malignancy, autoinflammation, or both, if some or all of their leukocytes become homozygous for these variants through somatic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) via uniparental isodisomy. We observed an upregulation of the inflammatory gene expression signature in whole blood from these patients, mimicking monogenic inborn errors underlying autoinflammation. Remarkably, these patients had constitutively activated monocytes that secreted 10 to 100 times more inflammatory cytokines than those of healthy individuals and CBL LOF heterozygotes without LOH.

What is chemical biology?

Since its inception, the chemical biology field has undergone significant evolution, with its definition varying greatly based on individual perspectives. For the September 30 anniversary special issue of Cell Chemical Biology, we asked our readers from a range of backgrounds, what is chemical biology?

Effect of elastic gradients on the fracture resistance of tri-layer restorative systems.

Objectives: To assess the impact of elastic gradients formed among restorative material, cement, and substrate on the fracture resistance of tri-layer restorative systems.

Methods: Four CAD/CAM materials were utilized, two glass-ceramics (IPS e.max CAD, Vita Suprinity) and two resin-ceramic hybrids (Vita Enamic, Lava Ultimate).

Composition control of additively manufactured color-graded temporary veneer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to design and assess composite resin composition for patient-specific esthetic color-graded temporary veneer.

Methods: Various compositions of composite structures (assorted by BaSiO filler, TiO pigment, and photoinitiator) were prepared via additive manufacturing with 3 s UV exposure (405 nm, 10 W/cm) per 50 µm thick layer followed by 20 min post-curing treatment after fabrication. The effect of each component on the generated color shades was observed and compared to the commonly used VITA shade guide.

Staphyloccocus aureus biofilm, in absence of planktonic bacteria, produces factors that activate counterbalancing inflammatory and immune-suppressive genes in human monocytes.

Staphyloccocus aureus (S. aureus) is a major bacterial pathogen in orthopedic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). S.

Comparative outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus open surgery for bronchogenic cysts in adults: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Open thoracotomy has been the traditional surgical approach for patients with bronchogenic cysts (BCs). This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) compared to open surgery for the treatment of BCs in adults.

Methods: This single-institution, retrospective cohort study included 117 consecutive adult patients who underwent VATS (group A) or open surgery (group B) for BC resection between February 2019 and January 2023.

Targeting PD-L1 in solid cancer with myeloid cells expressing a CAR-like immune receptor.

Introduction: Solid cancers Myeloid cells are prevalent in solid cancers, but they frequently exhibit an anti-inflammatory pro-tumor phenotype that contribute to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which hinders the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies. Myeloid cells' natural ability of tumor trafficking makes engineered myeloid cell therapy an intriguing approach to tackle the challenges posed by solid cancers, including tumor infiltration, tumor cell heterogenicity and the immunosuppressive TME. One such engineering approach is to target the checkpoint molecule PD-L1, which is often upregulated by solid cancers to evade immune responses.

Fibrotic phenotype of IgG4-related disease.

A prompt response to glucocorticoids is a clinical hallmark of IgG4-related disease. However, manifestations characterised by prominent tissue fibrosis on histological examination can be less responsive to glucocorticoid therapy than other types of IgG4-related disease. These manifestations include retroperitoneal fibrosis, fibrosing mediastinitis, Riedel thyroiditis, orbital pseudotumor, and hypertrophic pachymeningitis, among others.

Central vein sign and trigeminal lesions of multiple sclerosis visualised by 7T MRI.

Background: Although trigeminal nerve involvement is a characteristic of multiple sclerosis (MS), its prevalence across studies varies greatly due to MRI resolution and cohort selection bias. The mechanism behind the site specificity of trigeminal nerve injury is still unclear. We aim to determine the prevalence of trigeminal nerve involvement in patients with MS in a consecutive 7T brain MRI cohort.

A 3D-FEA study on the impact of different preparation forms and materials on posterior occlusal veneers.

Objectives: To study the stress distribution and bonding performance in posterior occlusal veneers and tooth bodies under different preparation forms and materials.

Methods: An isolated lower right first molar was prepared with non-retention type (type A), cavity-retained type (type B), and encircling-retention type (type C) forms. MicroCT images of the tooth were obtained and digitally converted into three-dimensional solid models.

METhodological RadiomICs Score (METRICS): a quality scoring tool for radiomics research endorsed by EuSoMII.

Purpose: To propose a new quality scoring tool, METhodological RadiomICs Score (METRICS), to assess and improve research quality of radiomics studies.

Methods: We conducted an online modified Delphi study with a group of international experts. It was performed in three consecutive stages: Stage#1, item preparation; Stage#2, panel discussion among EuSoMII Auditing Group members to identify the items to be voted; and Stage#3, four rounds of the modified Delphi exercise by panelists to determine the items eligible for the METRICS and their weights.

Deterministic reprogramming of neutrophils within tumors.

Neutrophils are increasingly recognized as key players in the tumor immune response and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Despite recent advances characterizing the diversity of neutrophil states in cancer, common trajectories and mechanisms governing the ontogeny and relationship between these neutrophil states remain undefined. Here, we demonstrate that immature and mature neutrophils that enter tumors undergo irreversible epigenetic, transcriptional, and proteomic modifications to converge into a distinct, terminally differentiated dcTRAIL-R1 state.