Publications by authors named "Vishwas Mishra"

is a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen of the ESKAPE (, and spp.) priority group with increasing multi-drug resistance via the acquisition of resistance plasmids. However, can also display forms of antibiotic refractoriness, such as heteroresistance and tolerance.

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The detection of oral bacteria in faecal samples has been associated with inflammation and intestinal diseases. The increased relative abundance of oral bacteria in faeces has two competing explanations: either oral bacteria invade the gut ecosystem and expand (the 'expansion' hypothesis), or oral bacteria transit through the gut and their relative increase marks the depletion of other gut bacteria (the 'marker' hypothesis). Here we collected oral and faecal samples from mouse models of gut dysbiosis (antibiotic treatment and DSS-induced colitis) and used 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing to determine the abundance dynamics of oral bacteria.

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Mutations in receptor guanylyl cyclase C (GC-C) cause severe gastrointestinal disease, including meconium ileus, early onset acute diarrhea, and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease that continues into adulthood. Agonists of GC-C are US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs for the treatment of constipation and irritable bowel syndrome. Therapeutic strategies targeting GC-C are tested in preclinical mouse models, assuming that murine GC-C mimics human GC-C in its biochemical properties and downstream signaling events.

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The cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has pivotal roles in antimicrobial immunity, but also incites inflammatory disease. Bioactive IL-1β is released following proteolytic maturation of the pro-IL-1β precursor by caspase-1. UBE2L3, a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, promotes pro-IL-1β ubiquitylation and proteasomal disposal.

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Article Synopsis
  • Magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a non-invasive treatment method for neurodegenerative diseases that combines MRI imaging and ultrasound technology to target specific brain regions effectively.
  • The development of a new 8-channel, flexible head coil called FUS-Flex enhances MRI signal quality by significantly increasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared to standard body coils.
  • Initial tests show that the FUS-Flex coil not only improves MRI image quality but also allows for more precise targeting and better monitoring of temperatures during MRgFUS procedures, potentially improving patient outcomes.
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Systems biology studies how complex dynamics emerge from many elements interacting with each other in biological systems. This definition might sound abstract, but the applications are concrete. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, two studies apply systems biology to study Clostridioides difficile, a major cause of hospital-acquired infections.

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Activating mutations in receptor guanylyl cyclase C (GC-C), the target of gastrointestinal peptide hormones guanylin and uroguanylin, and bacterial heat-stable enterotoxins cause early-onset diarrhea and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). GC-C regulates ion and fluid secretion in the gut via cGMP production and activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase II. We characterize a novel mouse model harboring an activating mutation in Gucy2c equivalent to that seen in an affected Norwegian family.

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The availability of genome sequence information and a large number of protein structures has allowed the cataloging of genes into various families, based on their function and predicted biochemical activity. Intriguingly, a number of proteins harbor changes in the amino acid sequence at residues, that from structural elucidation, are critical for catalytic activity. Such proteins have been categorized as 'pseudoenzymes'.

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Nontyphoidal disease contributes toward significant morbidity and mortality across the world. Host factors, including gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and gut microbiota, significantly influence the outcome of pathogenesis. However, the entire repertoire of host protective mechanisms contributing to pathogenicity is not completely appreciated.

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