Intraspecific Diversity of Populations Isolated from Cystic Fibrosis Respiratory Infections.

Unlabelled: Chronic bacterial infections are often polymicrobial, comprising multiple bacterial species or variants of the same species. Because chronic infections may last for decades, they have the potential to generate high levels of intraspecific variation through within-host diversification over time, and the potential for superinfections to occur through the introduction of multiple pathogen populations to the ongoing infection. Traditional methods for identifying infective agents generally involve isolating one single colony from a given sample, usually after selecting for a specific pathogen or antibiotic resistance profile.

Average nucleotide identity-based strain grouping allows identification of strain-specific genes in the pangenome.

Unlabelled: causes both hospital- and community-acquired infections in humans worldwide. Due to the high incidence of infection, is also one of the most sampled and sequenced pathogens today, providing an outstanding resource to understand variation at the bacterial subspecies level. We processed and downsampled 83,383 public Illumina whole-genome shotgun sequences and 1,263 complete genomes to produce 7,954 representative substrains.

Experimentally evolved shows increased survival in the presence of by acquiring mutations in the amino acid transporter, GltT.

When cultured together under standard laboratory conditions has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of . However, and are commonly observed in coinfections of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) and in chronic wounds. Previous work from our group revealed that isolates from CF infections are able to persist in the presence of strain PAO1 with a range of tolerances with some isolates being eliminated entirely and others maintaining large populations.

Average Nucleotide Identity based strain grouping allows identification of strain-specific genes in the pangenome.

causes both hospital and community acquired infections in humans worldwide. Due to the high incidence of infection is also one of the most sampled and sequenced pathogens today, providing an outstanding resource to understand variation at the bacterial subspecies level. We processed and downsampled 83,383 public Illumina whole genome shotgun sequences and 1,263 complete genomes to produce 7,954 representative substrains.

Efficacy of a serogroup O9 vaccine.

There are currently no approved vaccines against the opportunistic pathogen . Among vaccine targets, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O antigen of is the most immunodominant protective candidate. There are 20 different O antigens composed of different repeat sugar structures conferring serogroup specificity, and 10 are found most frequently in infection.

Experimentally Evolved Survives in the Presence of by Acquiring Mutations in the Amino Acid Transporter, GltT.

and are the most common bacterial pathogens isolated from cystic fibrosis (CF) related lung infections. When both of these opportunistic pathogens are found in a coinfection, CF patients tend to have higher rates of pulmonary exacerbations and experience a more rapid decrease in lung function. When cultured together under standard laboratory conditions, it is often observed that effectively inhibits growth.

Efficacy of a Serogroup O9 Vaccine.

There are currently no approved vaccines against the opportunistic pathogen . Among vaccine targets, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O antigen of is the most immunodominant protective candidate. There are twenty different O antigens composed of different repeat sugars structures conferring serogroup specificity, and ten are found most frequently in infection.

Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from the Same Cystic Fibrosis Respiratory Sample Coexist in Coculture.

Respiratory infections with bacterial pathogens remain the major cause of morbidity in individuals with the genetic disease cystic fibrosis (CF). Some studies have shown that CF patients that harbor both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in their lungs are at even greater risk for more severe and complicated respiratory infections and earlier death. However, the drivers for this worse clinical condition are not well understood.

Species-Wide Phylogenomics of the Staphylococcus aureus Operon Revealed Convergent Evolution of Frameshift Mutations.

Staphylococcus aureus is a prominent nosocomial pathogen that causes several life-threatening diseases, such as pneumonia and bacteremia. S. aureus modulates the expression of its arsenal of virulence factors through sensing and integrating responses to environmental signals.

Noncanonical Cell Death Induction by Reassortant Reovirus.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes 10 to 15% of all breast cancer and is associated with worse prognosis than other subtypes of breast cancer. Current therapies are limited to cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery, leaving a need for targeted therapeutics to improve outcomes for TNBC patients. Mammalian orthoreovirus (reovirus) is a nonenveloped, segmented, double-stranded RNA virus in the family.

Overproduction of the AlgT Sigma Factor Is Lethal to Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

isolates from chronic lung infections often overproduce alginate, giving rise to the mucoid phenotype. Isolation of mucoid strains from chronic lung infections correlates with a poor patient outcome. The most common mutation that causes the mucoid phenotype is called and results in a truncated form of the anti-sigma factor MucA that is continuously subjected to proteolysis.

The histone-like protein AlgP regulon is distinct in mucoid and nonmucoid and does not include alginate biosynthesis genes.

The opportunistic bacterial pathogen causes acute and chronic infections that are notoriously difficult to treat. In people with cystic fibrosis, can cause lifelong lung infections, and isolation of mucoid , resulting from the overproduction of alginate, is associated with chronic infection. The histone-like protein AlgP has previously been implicated in the control of alginate gene expression in mucoid strains, but this regulation is unclear.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patient Lung Infections and Their Interactions with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

has recently overtaken as the most commonly recognized bacterial pathogen that infects the respiratory tracts of individuals with the genetic disease cystic fibrosis (CF) in the United States. Most studies of in CF patient lung infections have focused on a few isolates, often exclusively laboratory-adapted strains, and how they are killed by Less is known about the diversity of CF patient lung isolates in terms of both their virulence and their interaction with To begin to address this gap, we recently sequenced 64 clinical isolates and a reference isolate, JE2. Here, we analyzed the antibiotic resistance genotypes, sequence types, clonal complexes, types, types, and presence/absence of other known virulence factor genes of these isolates.

Draft Genome Sequences of Eight Pseudomonas aeruginosa Corneal Infection Isolates.

is the major cause of bacterial keratitis, a sight-threatening ocular infection that can occur in contact lens wearers, as well as in others. Here, we report the draft genomes of 8 different corneal isolates, adding to the list of publicly available corneal infection-associated genomes.

Analysis of Vibrio cholerae genomes identifies new type VI secretion system gene clusters.

Background: Like many bacteria, Vibrio cholerae deploys a harpoon-like type VI secretion system (T6SS) to compete against other microbes in environmental and host settings. The T6SS punctures adjacent cells and delivers toxic effector proteins that are harmless to bacteria carrying cognate immunity factors. Only four effector/immunity pairs encoded on one large and three auxiliary gene clusters have been characterized from largely clonal, patient-derived strains of V.