New orally active DNA minor groove binding small molecule CT-1 acts against breast cancer by targeting tumor DNA damage leading to p53-dependent apoptosis.

Targeting tumor DNA damage and p53 pathway is a clinically established strategy in the development of cancer chemotherapeutics. Majority of anti-cancer drugs are delivered through parenteral route for reasons like severe toxicity, lack of stability, and poor enteral absorption. Current DNA targeting drugs in clinical like anthracycline suffers from major drawbacks like cardiotoxicity.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel triazole hybrids of curcumin mimics and their selective anticancer activity against breast and prostate cancer cell lines.

The anti-cancer property of curcumin, an active component of turmeric, is limited due to its poor solubility, stability and bioavailability. To enhance its efficacy, we designed a novel series of twenty-four monocarbonyl curcumin analogue-1,2,3-triazole conjugates and evaluated their anti-cancer activity towards endocrine related cancers. The new compounds (17-40) were synthesized through CuAAC click reaction and SAR analysis carried out.

Theophylline, a methylxanthine drug induces osteopenia and alters calciotropic hormones, and prophylactic vitamin D treatment protects against these changes in rats.

The drug, theophylline is frequently used as an additive to medications for people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). We studied the effect of theophylline in bone cells, skeleton and parameters related to systemic calcium homeostasis. Theophylline induced osteoblast apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species production that was caused by increased cAMP production.

Quantitative determination of microbicidal spermicide 'nonoxynol-9' in rabbit plasma and vaginal fluid using LC-ESI-MS/MS: application to pharmacokinetic study.

Nonoxynol-9 (N-9), a microbicidal spermicide, has been in use as an over-the-counter contraceptive since the 1960s. A detailed account of its pharmacokinetic profile using highly sensitive detection method has not been reported yet. We developed and validated a rapid, selective and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for N-9 detection in plasma and simulated vaginal fluid.

A unique dithiocarbamate chemistry during design & synthesis of novel sperm-immobilizing agents.

1-Substituted piperazinecarbodithioates were obtained by an unusual removal of CS2 in benzyl substituted dithiocarbamate derivatives under acid and basic conditions during design and synthesis of 1,4-(disubstituted)piperazinedicarbodithioates as double edged spermicides. A plausible mechanism for CS2 removal has been proposed. All synthesized compounds were subjected to spermicidal, antitrichomonal and antifungal activities.

Synthesis of S-(2-thioxo-1,3-dithiolan-4-yl)methyl dialkylcarbamothioate and S-thiiran-2-ylmethyl dialkylcarbamothioate via intermolecular O-S rearrangement in water.

A facile synthesis of S-(2-thioxo-1,3-dithiolan-4-yl)methyl dialkylcarbamothioates (3) and S-thiiran-2-ylmethyl dialkylcarbamothioate (5) has been reported by the reaction of 5-(chloromethyl)-1,3-oxathiolane-2-thione (1) with sodium dialkylcarbamodithioate (2) and dialkylamine (4), respectively, through intermolecular O-S rearrangement in water. A plausible mechanism of formation of the title compounds has also been proposed.

Synthesis of disulfide esters of dialkylaminocarbothioic acid as potent, non-detergent spermicidal agents.

S,S'-[disulfanediylbis(dialkylaminopropane-2,1-diyl)]bis- (dialkylaminothiocarbamate) (14-31) were prepared and evaluated for the spermicidal activity and antifungal activity. Dialkyldithiocarbamates (1-5) were reacted with epichlorohydrin to give 1-dialkylaminocarbothioic acid S-[(2,3-epithio)propyl]ester (7-11), these on further reaction with a secondary amine gave S,S'-[disulfanediylbis(dialkylaminopropane-2,1-diyl)]bis- (dialkylaminothiocarbamate) (14-31). Some of these compounds (16, 19-21, 23, 30, 31) were found to be very potent spermicidal agents with marginal antifungal activity.

Synthesis of benzenepropanamine analogues as non-detergent spermicides with antitrichomonas and anticandida activities.

Fifteen analogues of benzenepropanamine were synthesized and evaluated for their spermicidal as well as microbicidal activities against Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida spp. Several compounds showed appreciable dual activities. Compound 12 exhibited good spermicidal (MEC=0.

The spermicidal and antitrichomonas activities of SSRI antidepressants.

The study investigated spermicidal and antitrichomonas activities of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants with a view to generate new lead for development of dual-function spermicidal microbicides, which is an urgent global need. Fluoxetine, Sertraline, and Fluvoxamine exhibited both spermicidal and anti-STI (antitrichomonas) activities in vitro, whereas Paroxetine and Citalopram showed only the spermicidal activity. Fluoxetine exhibited better activity profile than the other antidepressant drugs with its spermicidal and antitrichomonas activities being comparable to that of the OTC contraceptive Nonoxynol-9.