Etiology, Characteristics, and Outcomes of Neonatal Liver Failure: Lessons Learned Over the Last 3 Decades.

Objective: To evaluate trends in etiology and outcomes of neonatal liver failure (NLF) over 30 years retrospectively at a single institution.

Study Design: Inclusion criteria for this retrospective cohort study were babies presenting at a chronological age of ≤28 days between 1991 and 2020 with prothrombin time ≥20 seconds and biochemical liver injury. Demographics, etiology, laboratory investigations, need for extrahepatic organ support, acute kidney injury, and intervention with liver transplant (LT) were recorded.

Association of Helicobacter pylori in Children With Self-Hand Hygiene, Maternal Hand Hygiene, Cooking, and Feeding Practices.

Background and objective infection is widely prevalent, but its route of transmission is not clear. Person-to-person transmission seems plausible, with hand hygiene being one of the many factors that play a role. The objective of this study was to study the effect of the children's and their mother's hand hygiene and feeding practices on the prevalence of in children.

Pediatric living donor intestine transplant following an atypical complication of COVID-19: A unique case report from India.

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection causing severe gastrointestinal complications is rare. A 9-year-old child after recovering from mild COVID-19 infection developed small bowel gangrene due to superior mesenteric artery thrombosis. He required resection of entire necrotic small bowel along with caecum causing ultra-short bowel syndrome.

Low Osmolarity Oral Rehydration Salt Solution (LORS) in Management of Dehydration in Children.

Justification: The IAP last published the guidelines "Comprehensive Management of Diarrhea" in 2006 and a review in 2016. The WHO in 2002 and the Government of India in 2004 recommended low osmolarity rehydration solution (LORS) as the universal rehydration solution for all ages and all forms of dehydration. However, the use of LORS in India continues to be unacceptably low at 51%, although awareness about ORS has increased from a mere 14% in 2005 to 69% in 2015.

Monosegment Liver Allografts for Liver Transplantation in Infants Weighing Less Than 6 kg: An Initial Indian Experience.

Background: Living donor liver transplantation in small infants is a significant challenge. Liver allografts from adults may be large in size. This is accompanied by problems of graft perfusion, dysfunction, and the inability to achieve primary closure of the abdomen.

Initial experience with per-rectal endoscopic myotomy for Hirschsprung's disease: medium and long term outcomes of the first case series of a novel third-space endoscopy procedure.

Introduction: Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is congenital aganglionosis affecting the hindgut and presents with constipation. Surgical pull-through is the current standard treatment but causes morbidity. Per-rectal endoscopic myotomy is a novel third-space endoscopy technique for treating short-segment (SS)-HSCR.

Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease in India: a prospective multicentre study.

Background: Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) is increasing across the world. However, information from India is sparse. This multicentre study evaluated the demographics, clinical phenotype and outcome of PIBD from India.

Therapeutic coil embolization of dominant shunt in hepatopulmonary syndrome enhances post-liver transplant respiratory recovery.

Coil embolization of the atypical enlarged pulmonary artery/arteriole with visible shunting may improve hypoxemia in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). When used selectively in cases with large shunts, either pre- or post-liver transplantation (LT), it can aid an early recovery and reduce morbidity. We present a case where a large intrapulmonary shunt was embolized preoperatively to improve hypoxemia associated with HPS and enhance post-operative recovery.

Pancreatitis in Children.

Pancreatic disease in children has a wide clinical spectrum and may present as Acute pancreatitis (AP), Acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP), Chronic pancreatitis (CP) and Pancreatic disease without pancreatitis. This article highlights the etiopathogenesis and management of pancreatitis in children along with clinical data from five tertiary care hospitals in south India [Chennai (3), Cochin and Pune].

A questionnaire survey of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in India.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not uncommon in children and is an important cause of morbidity. Since information on IBD in Indian children is sparse, the study aimed at highlighting the salient features in them.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire survey was done among 221 children and adolescents with IBD [ulcerative colitis (UC) 93 (42.