[Molecular-genetic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from patients with tuberculous spondylitis].

Aim: Molecular-genetic characteristic of M. tuberculosis strains isolated from operation material of patients with tuberculous spondylitis.

Materials And Methods: 107 strains of M.

[The genome polymorphism of the Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis strains].

The non-tuberculosis mycobacteria Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) are able to cause human mycobacteriosis. In this work, the results of the first comprehensive study of the genome polymorphism of the clinical strains of MAH were reported using the typing scheme by 13 loci MATR-VNTR (TR292, TRX3, TR25, TR47, MATR-1, MATR-4, MATR-5, MATR-6, MATR-8, MATR-11, MATR-14, MATR-15, MATR-16) containing tandem nucleotide sites and IS1245-RFLP-typing sites.

[Genotypic characteristics of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis strains].

Mycobacterium avium are typical environmental, non-tuberculosis microorganisms that occasionally cause mycotuberculosis, an infectious disease in wild and domestic animals, birds, and humans. Here, we report the results of the first study on the genetic diversity of the Russian population of M. avium.

[Characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains circulating in Pskov region].

Aim: Characteristics of drug resistance (DR) and population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Pskov region.

Materials And Methods: In 90 strains of M. tuberculosis drug resistance was studied by culture method and by using "TB-BIOCHIP"; genotyping was determined by spoligotyping method.

[Molecular genetic tools for etiologic diagnostics of disseminated lung tuberculosis].

Aim: Improvement of etiologic diagnostics of disseminated lung tuberculosis (DLT) and determination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) drug susceptibility on the basis of molecular genetic methods.

Materials And Methods: Samples from respiratory tract of patients with DLT were studied using real time polymerase chain reaction and the "TB-BIOCHIP" assay developed by Institute of Molecular Biology. Methods of spoligotyping and reverse hybridization were used for identification, genotyping and express-detection of drug resistance of MBT to rifampicin in sputum samples stained for bacterioscopy.

[Some regularities of an immune response in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and drug-resistant Mycobacterium strains].

Clinical and immunological studies were conducted in 62 patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis and 53 with disseminated one. As drug resistance and viability of mycobacteria increased, an immune response was found to develop as the humoral type and cellular immunity was suppressed. A more marked reduction in the activity of T helper cells type 1 of an immune response and the neutrophilic granulocytic system was revealed in patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis.

[Drug sensitivity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis versus its viability, cytotoxicity, genotype, and the course of the process in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

The authors studied drug sensitivity, mutations in the katG, in-hA, alpC, rpoB genes, virulence via the cytotoxicity test on THP-1 cells, and the viability and genetic affiliation of 53 clinical M. tuberculosis isolates versus data on the form and dynamics of a process. Sensitive and resistant strains did not significantly differ in viability and cytotoxicity.

[The rate and pattern of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis at various sites of the disease].

Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) to essential and reserve antituberculous drugs (ATD) was monitored in patients with tuberculosis of respiratory organs (ROT) and at extrapulmonary sites (EPT) in 2005-2007. The standard indirect absolute concentration technique was used to study the drug resistance of 578 MBT strains from pretreated patients with ROT and that of 159 MT strains from those with EPT. With all sites of tuberculosis, a poor trend continues to show an increase in the total frequency of MBT resistance (from 82.

[Monitoring of chemotherapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by the blood bacteriostatic activity-determining test].

The paper gives the results of studies to determine blood bacteriostatic activity (BBA) in the use of a patient's autostrain and semiliquid medium versus the clinical and laboratory parameters of the course of a process in 101 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. There is evidence for the relationship of the BBA to the sensitivity to isoniazid and the structure of drug resistance. The zero values of BBA correspond to the severest course of the disease.

[The specific features of bacterial isolation and drug resistance of Mycobacteria in extrapulmonary tuberculosis].

The reduced viability and enzymatic activity of the pathogen from the foci of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are twice more frequently than those in pulmonary tuberculosis. The isolation of mycobacterial L-forms and the use of polymerase chain reaction significantly enhance the efficiency of the etiological diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. There are extremely poor trends for drug resistance to develop in mycobacteria, in 2005 the rate of which was 92.

[Immunological parameters and mycobacterial biological properties in infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis].

Thirty-one patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis were clinically and immunologically examined. A relationship was found between the definite immunological parameters and the biological properties of mycobacteria. The higher viability of mycobacteria and the increase in the drug resistance have been shown to be associated with the decreased activity of lymphocytes and the suppressed production of interleukin-2, which suggests a decrease in the activity of type 1 T helper cells and a significant increase in the synthesis of tuberculosis antibodies with the lower serum concentrations of circulating immune complexes.

[Levofloxacin susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

Drug susceptibility of 195 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates was tested with the indirect method of absolute concentrations on the Löwenstein-Jensen medium. 151 and 44 M.

[Bacteriological diagnosis of mycobacteriosis: possibilities and prospects].

The results of identification of Mycobacterium non-tuberculosis isolated in the North-West Region of the Russian Federation, which have been obtained in the past 20 years, are presented. The identification was made by bacteriological and biochemical studies. M.

[Microbiological and molecular genetic characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from patients with multiorgan and generalized tuberculosis].

The paper presents the microbiological and molecular genetic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) isolated from multiple lesion foci in 26 patients with multiorgan and generalized tuberculosis. Cultures of MBT of the family Beijing were isolated from the pathological specimens taken from 17 (65.4%) patients; those with individual genotypes were in 9 (34.

[Pulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis of different genotypes].

A relationship of the clinical picture of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis to the genotype, drug resistance, and virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) strains was studied. As compared with the processes induced by individual genotypes, pulmonary tuberculosis caused by MBT from the family Beijing was found to be characterized by more marked clinical symptoms, multisegmental lung tissue lesions with multiple decay cavities, by low bacteriostatic blood activity, abundant bacterial isolation, and progression. MBT of the Beijing genotype were characterized by higher rates of resistance to antituberculous drugs and their combinations than were the strains of individual genotypes; they have a high virulence, which is likely to enhance their transmissibility and to determine the poor course of a specific process.

[Accelerated determination of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance with a semiliquid culture medium].

A medium was worked out whose consistence is close to liquid ones (the terminal concentration of agar-agar is 0.08%) and which enable a visual registration of growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) on days 3-4 after culture inoculation. The medium is based on the liquid synthetic medium of Soton, which is added 0.

[Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the North-West of Russia].

The morbidity of primary and secondary drug resistance (DR) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) was studied in the North-West of Russia during 1991-2001. The frequency rate and structure of, mainly, secondary DR MBT was investigated in tuberculosis of different localizations on the basis of data provided by clinics of Saint-Petersburg Research Institute for Phthisiopulmonology (PRIP) during 1990-2000. A sharp increase of primary DR MBT (in the North-West of Russia) up to 35-45.

[Virulence of Mycobacteria tuberculosis].

The virulence of 43 Mycobacteria tuberculosis strains isolated from 21 patients with new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and from 20 patients with chronic destructive pulmonary tuberculosis (CDPT) was studied in non-inbred albino mice. Twenty four (56%) and 19 (44%) M. tuberculosis strains belonged to the Beijing and individual genotypes, respectively.

[Sensitivity to levofloxacin of various types of non-tuberculosis Mycobacterium].

Activity of levofloxacin (Tavanic) against 10 species of nontuberculosis of mycobacteria was investigated by indirect method of absolute concentrations on Levenstain-Jensen media (levofloxacin concentration 5 and mcg/mL). The investigation was performed on 71 strains of nontubercolosis mycobacteria: Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare--24 strains, M. fortuitum--17 strains, M.

[Sensitivity to levofloxacin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains with various phenotype isolated from patients with newly diagnosed and chronic tuberculosis].

Susceptibility to levofloxacin of 56 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, isolated from 22 patients with first estimated and 84 patients with chronic tuberculosis was investigated. Ratio of multi-drug resistance achieved 54.5 per cent in first group and 94.

[Sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to levofloxacin].

Susceptibility of 92 strains of mycobacteria to levofloxacin (5, 10 and 50 mcg/mL) was investigated by indirect method of absolute concentrations on Levenstain-Jensen media. The investigation was performed on 85 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from 83 patients with different types of tuberculosis and also on drug-sensitive laboratory strains of M. tuberculosis H37Rv-M, H37Rv-GISK, Academia, M.

[Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains prevalent in North-West of Russia by spoligotyping].

Spoligotyping was used for genotyping of 238 M. tuberculosis cultures isolated from 302 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis living in the north-west of Russia, including those in Saint Petersburg, in 1998-2001, and the M. tuberculosis strains H37Rv, M.

[The detection rate and clinical and diagnostic values of L forms of the pathogen in patients with pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis].

The detection rate and clinical and diagnostic values of L-forms of pathogens were determined in patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Simultaneous culturing the specimens for typical and L forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) increased the number of positive results by isolating only L-forms by 10.3% in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and by 27.

[Molecular genetic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients operated on for pulmonary tuberculosis].

The RFLP-IS6110 assay was used to genotype 67 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from different specimens (including intraoperative ones) of 24 patients operated on for chronic progressive pulmonary tuberculosis who lived in north-western Russia. More than half (53%) of 17 types of RFLP profiles of isolates are identical and typical of M. tuberculosis of the Beijing family.