Risk of breast cancer among French-Canadian women, noncarriers of more frequent BRCA1/2 mutations and consumption of total energy, coffee, and alcohol.

Although the connection between diet, lifestyle and hormones suggests that nutritional and lifestyle factors may exert an influence in the etiology of breast cancer, it is not clear whether these factors operate in the same way in women without BRCA gene mutations. A nested case-control study was conducted in a cohort of French-Canadian women, with 560 members involving 280 nongene carriers of mutated BRCA gene affected by breast cancer and 280 nonaffected and nongene carriers of mutated BRCA gene. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to ascertain dietary intake, and a core questionnaire, to gather information on lifestyle risk factors.

Weight History, Smoking, Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Risk among French-Canadian Women Non-Carriers of More Frequent BRCA1/2 Mutations.

Several lifestyle factors play a significant role in determining an individual's risk of breast cancer. Many of them could be modified to protect against the malignancy. A nested case-control study was conducted to examine the association between selected lifestyle factors and non-BRCA-related breast cancer risk among French-Canadian women.

Nutrition and breast cancer among sporadic cases and gene mutation carriers: an overview.

Background: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in most industrialized countries. Most breast cancers are considered sporadic, with only 5-10% estimated to be due to inherited susceptibility. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the effect of nutrition on breast cancer risk among gene mutation carriers as well as those with sporadic breast cancer.

Altered lipid response in hamsters fed cis-9,trans-11+trans-8,cis-10 conjugated linoleic acid mixture.

The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of cis-9,trans-11 + trans-8,cis-10 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture to those of cis-9,trans-11 + trans-10,cis-12 CLA mixture and linoleic acid (LA) on lipoprotein profile, hepatic lipids, body composition and digestibility of dietary fat in hamsters (n = 17) fed diets containing 2% of experimental fat (w/w) for 28 days. The cis-9,trans-11 + trans-10,cis-12 CLA mixture showed higher LDL cholesterol concentrations than LA and the cis-9,trans-11 + trans-8,cis-10 CLA mixture. The cis-9,trans-11 + trans-8,cis-10 CLA mixture induced similar plasma LDL cholesterol and hepatic lipid concentrations, and coefficient of digestibility as LA, indicating no effect of the trans-8,cis-10 CLA isomer on these lipid parameters.

Association between genetic variants in the IL-23R gene and early-onset Crohn's disease: results from a case-control and family-based study among Canadian children.

Background And Objectives: Interleukin (IL)-23 is a key regulator of inflammation and influences the activities of T-helper 17 (Th-17) lymphocytes. Recent reports indicate that variants in the gene coding for its receptor (IL-23R) are strongly associated with Crohn's disease (CD). We investigated whether DNA variants in the IL-23R gene determine susceptibility for CD in Canadian children.

The effects of t10,c12 CLA isomer compared with c9,t11 CLA isomer on lipid metabolism and body composition in hamsters.

The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of two different isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), c9,t11 CLA and t10,c12 CLA, compared with linoleic acid (LA) used as control, on body composition, lipoprotein profile, hepatic lipids and fecal fat content in hamsters. Animals were assigned to the three diet groups (n=15) during 28 days. The diet was composed of 2% of the experimental fat, and throughout the experimental protocol, the hamsters experienced similar food intake.