Reverse transcriptase mutations in Cambodian CRF01_AE isolates after antiretroviral prophylaxis against HIV Type 1 perinatal transmission.

This study explores amino acid changes of the reverse transcriptase (rt) of CRF01_AE isolates from pregnant women naive to antiretroviral drugs before and 2, 6, and 52 weeks after exposure to single dose nevirapine (sdNVP). Results based on 51 observations showed that the proportion of isolates with nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) RMs in the group treated with sdNVP (n = 35) increased from 0% pre-NVP to 22.9% at week 2 postpartum (pp) and 22.

HIV-specific antibodies but not t-cell responses are associated with protection in seronegative partners of HIV-1-infected individuals in Cambodia.

To study biological factors related to protection against HIV-1 infection in Cambodia, we recruited 48 partners of HIV-1-infected patients who remained uninfected (exposed uninfected individuals, EUs) despite unprotected sexual intercourse for more than 1 year and 49 unexposed controls (UCs). HIV-1-specific antibodies (IgA anti-gp41 and IgG anti-CD4-gp120 complex), T-cell responses, and cellular factors that may be involved in protection (peripheral blood mononuclear cell [PBMC] resistance to HIV-1 infection and beta-chemokine production) were evaluated. Anti-HIV-1 antibodies were higher in EUs than those in UCs (P = 0.

Characterization of mutations in HIV type 1 isolates from 144 Cambodian recently infected patients and pregnant women naive to antiretroviral drugs.

A baseline study has been conducted to determine the polymorphism of reverse transcriptase, protease, and envelope genes of HIV-1 isolates from 146 antiretroviral drug-naive Cambodian patients including 22 seroconverters and 124 pregnant women having been diagnosed HIV positive for less than 1 year. Amplification of at least one gene was successful for 144 isolates. All three genes were obtained for 136 isolates.