Connect attack in IoT-WSN detect through cyclic analysis based on forward and backward elimination.

IoT-wireless sensor networks (WSN) have extensive applications in diverse fields such as battlegrounds, commercial sectors, habitat monitoring, buildings, smart homes, and traffic surveillance. WSNs are susceptible to various types of attacks, such as malicious attacks, false data injection attacks, traffic attacks, and HTTP flood attacks. CONNECT attack is a novel attack in WSN.

How safe is metformin when initiated in early pregnancy? A retrospective 5-year study of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus from India.

Background: The initiation of metformin in early pregnancy in Gestational Diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains controversial. The aim of our study was to assess the influence of Metformin on maternal and fetal outcomes when initiated within the first trimester of pregnancy in GDM.

Methods And Materials: A retrospective analysis of 540 women with diabetes complicating pregnancy (IADPSG criteria) over five years (January 2011 to May 2016) was done.

Fate of sputum samples transported in bottles containing cetylpyridinium chloride and sodium chloride: a national reference laboratory study.

The transportation of sputum samples may sometimes take more than one week which results in an increased contamination rate and loss of positive cultures. The current study was planned to analyze the recovery rate of mycobacteria from transported samples with and without Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). Addition of CPC is useful for isolation of M.

Direct drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for rapid detection of multidrug resistance using the Bactec MGIT 960 system: a multicenter study.

Conventional indirect drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with liquid medium is well established and offers time-saving and reliable results. This multicenter study was carried out to evaluate if drug susceptibility testing (DST) can be successfully carried out directly from processed smear-positive specimens (direct DST) and if this approach could offer substantial time savings. Sputum specimens were digested, decontaminated, and concentrated by the laboratory routine procedure and were inoculated in Bactec MGIT 960 as well as Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium for primary isolation.

Prevalence of XDR TB cases--a retrospective study from a tertiary care TB hospital.

Background: The emergence of XDR -TB strains is a major roadblock in the successful implementation of TB control programmes. This further leads to high morbidity and mortality, especially in immuno-compromised patients. Identification and observation of resistance patterns of XDR-TB strains may help clinicians manage MDR-TB cases, the treatment line of which is expensive, time-taking and involves intake of toxic drugs with many side-effects.

Smear microscopy as surrogate for culture during follow up of pulmonary MDR-TB patients on DOTS Plus treatment.

Background: DOTS Plus site at LRS Institute, New Delhi, covering 1.8 million population.

Aims: To ascertain if sputum smear could be used as a surrogate for culture during intensive phase of treatment of MDR-TB patients thereby enabling early shift from intensive phase to continuation phase, reducing the need for frequent cultures and saving time and cost in their management.

Evaluation of nitrate reductase assay for rapid detection of resistance to second-line drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a tertiary care hospital.

The present study evaluated nitrate reductase assay (NRA) for rapid detection of resistance to 5 second-line drugs: kanamycin, ethionamide, ofloxacin, cycloserine, and para-aminosalicylic acid. Eighty-six multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were used to compare NRA with proportion method for rapid detection of resistance to second-line drugs. The sensitivity of the NRA for different drugs ranged from 86.

Evaluation of direct method of drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to rifampicin and isoniazid by nitrate reductase assay in a national reference laboratory.

The aim of this study was to evaluate a simple, rapid, and inexpensive colorimetric nitrate reductase assay (NRA) for direct drug susceptibility testing (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH). A total of 118 smear-positive specimens were processed from patients on antituberculosis treatment. A comparison was made between the direct NRA of DST with the direct proportion method and with the internationally accepted indirect 1% proportion method as the "gold standard".

Seven-year DOTS-Plus pilot experience in India: results, constraints and issues.

Background: India is initiating the DOTS-Plus strategy at the national level.

Objectives: To highlight the results, constraints and issues of a pilot DOTS-Plus experience in an urban setting in India.

Methods: Records of 126 patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) enrolled from January 2002 to December 2006, who received a daily fully supervised standardised treatment regimen under a pilot DOTS-Plus study in India, were analysed retrospectively.

Risk factors for new pulmonary tuberculosis patients failing treatment under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, India.

Setting: Tertiary level tuberculosis (TB) institute in Delhi, India.

Objective: To study the risk factors for new pulmonary TB (PTB) patients failing treatment.

Design: Prospective case-control study.

A thyroid tubercular abscess and bilateral symmetrical hilar lymphadenopathy: a rare association.

An 18-year-old boy presented with a rare association of a thyroid tubercular abscess and bilateral symmetrical hilar lymphadenopathy. He was put on a Category I regimen with standard short course daily chemotherapy of four anti-tubercular drugs under the National Tuberculosis Programme. After a six-month of anti-tubercular treatment (ATT), the boy showed clinical and bacteriological improvement.

Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in context of RNTCP.

DOTS has been successful in improving cure rates in tuberculosis worldwide, but has remained an inefficient strategy in respect of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB). The present article discusses its management in context of RNTCP and focuses specially on DOTS-plus, a strategy arising out of the constitution of Green Light Committee to effectively tackle the cases of MDR TB globally.