Treatment effects and lip profile changes following premolars extraction treatment vs fixed functional treatment in Class II division 1 malocclusion: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objective: The objective of this two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the treatment effects and lip profile changes in skeletal Class II patients subjected to premolars extraction treatment versus fixed functional treatment.

Methods: Forty six subjects fulfilling inclusion criteria were randomly distributed into Group PE (mean age 13.03±1.

Patient pain experience after placement of initial aligning archwire using active and passive self-ligating bracket systems: a randomized clinical trial.

Aim: To test whether there is any difference in pain perception during the week following placement of initial aligning archwire in active and passive self-ligating bracket systems.

Methods: Seventy patients (mean age ± SD, 16.1 ± 2.

A comprehensive review of the genetic basis of cleft lip and palate.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are birth defects that affect the upper lip and the roof of the mouth. CLP has a multifactorial etiology, comprising both genetic and environmental factors. In this review we discuss the recent data on the etiology of cleft lip and palate.

Role of RANKL-RANK/osteoprotegerin molecular complex in bone remodeling and its immunopathologic implications.

Bone remodeling is a cyclic and continuous physiological process, which ensures the conservation and renewal of the bone matrix. Osteosynthesis of the bone matrix is achieved by osteoblasts and coordinated within this complex machinery of bone remodeling with resorption of extracellular bone matrix performed by osteoclasts. The mismatch between the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts has immunopathologic implications associated with either a decrease or increase of bone mass mineral density.

Effectiveness of piroxicam and ibuprofen premedication on orthodontic patients' pain experiences.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of preoperative administration of ibuprofen and piroxicam on orthodontic pain experienced after separator placement.

Materials And Methods: Ninety patients aged between 13 years 9 months and 18 years 2 months who were to undergo fixed appliance orthodontic treatment were enrolled in this double-blind, parallel-arm, prospective study. Patients were evenly and randomly distributed to any of three experimental groups, as follows: (1) administration of placebo, (2) administration of 400 mg ibuprofen, and (3) administration of 20 mg piroxicam; medications were administered 1 hour before separator placement.