Development of Nanobodies as Theranostic Agents against CMY-2-Like Class C β-Lactamases.

Three soluble single-domain fragments derived from the unique variable region of camelid heavy-chain antibodies (VHHs) against the CMY-2 β-lactamase behaved as inhibitors. The structure of the complex VHH cAb(254)/CMY-2 showed that the epitope is close to the active site and that the CDR3 of the VHH protrudes into the catalytic site. The β-lactamase inhibition pattern followed a mixed profile with a predominant noncompetitive component.

A three-year evolution and comparison of the bla genes in pathogenic and non-pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from young diarrheic and septicaemic calves in Belgium.

Escherichia coli producing Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamases (ESBL) are a major public health hazard worldwide. The most frequent ESBL belong to the CTX-M family. This study follows their prevalence in pathogenic and non-pathogenic ESBL-producing E.

Seven-Year Evolution of β-Lactam Resistance Phenotypes in Isolated from Young Diarrheic and Septicaemic Calves in Belgium.

Antimicrobial resistance is a major worldwide hazard. Therefore, the World Health Organization has proposed a classification of antimicrobials with respect to their importance for human medicine and advised some restriction of their use in veterinary medicine. In Belgium, this regulation has been implemented by a Royal Decree (RD) in 2016, which prohibits carbapenem use and enforces strict restrictions on the use of third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins (3 GC and 4 GC) for food-producing animals.

Identification of β-Lactamase-Encoding () Genes in Phenotypically β-Lactam-Resistant Isolated from Young Calves in Belgium.

The genes identification present in 94 phenotypically resistant isolated from feces or intestinal contents of young calves with diarrhea or enteritis in Belgium was performed by microarrays (MA) and whole genome sequencing (WGS). According to their resistance phenotypes to 8 β-lactams at the disk diffusion assay these 94 produced a narrow-spectrum-β-lactamase (NSBL), an extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) or a cephalosporinase (AmpC). All ESBL-encoding genes identified by MA and WGS belonged to the family, with a majority to the subfamily.

20 years of functional treatment for clubfoot: advantages and limitations compared with the Ponseti method.

Currently, the Ponseti method has become the most popular technique for the management of congenital clubfoot. Besides this treatment, the functional method or the 'French method' (FFM) represents another treatment option. Throughout our study, we will describe this method, based on the 'Saint Vincent de Paul' protocol with some modifications that we bring progressively.