Beyond cancer treatment: dermo-aesthetic and other wellness recommendations for breast cancer patients.

Breast cancer, a prevalent malignancy among women, has various physical and psychological impacts. This comprehensive review offers an in-depth look at multidisciplinary dermo-aesthetic intervention approaches, emphasizing the balance between oncological therapies and the management of these effects. The information presented spans specialties such as aesthetic medicine, plastic surgery, dermatology, physiotherapy, nutrition, odontology, and gynecology.

Proton pump inhibitors decrease efficacy of palbociclib in patients with metastatic breast.

Objectives: The objective of this investigation was to assess the impact of concurrent proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC) who received palbociclib as first-line or successives therapy.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted, enrolling patients diagnosed with estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative mBC, and eligible for palbociclib treatment. Patients were categorized as "concurrent PPIs" if they received PPIs for at least two-thirds of the palbociclib therapy duration, and as "no concurrent PPIs" if they did not receive PPIs during the course of palbociclib treatment.

Evaluation of the clinical use of MGMT methylation in extracellular vesicle-based liquid biopsy as a tool for glioblastoma patient management.

Glioblastoma (GB) is a devastating tumor of the central nervous system characterized by a poor prognosis. One of the best-established predictive biomarker in IDH-wildtype GB is O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation (mMGMT), which is associated with improved treatment response and survival. However, current efforts to monitor GB patients through mMGMT detection have proven unsuccessful.

MiR-151a: a robust endogenous control for normalizing small extracellular vesicle cargo in human cancer.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in the blood of cancer patients contain higher amounts of tumor markers than those identified as free-circulating. miRNAs have significant biomedical relevance due to their high stability and feasible detection. However, there is no reliable endogenous control available to measure sEVs-miRNA content, impairing the acquisition of standardized consistent measurements in cancer liquid biopsy.

2023 GEIS Guidelines for gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin. GIST spans a wide clinical spectrum that ranges from tumors with essentially no metastatic potential to malignant and life-threatening spread diseases. Gain-of-function mutations in KIT or PDGFRA receptor tyrosine kinases are the crucial drivers of most GISTs, responsible for tumor initiation and evolution throughout the entire course of the disease.

REGISTRI: Regorafenib in first-line of KIT/PDGFRA wild type metastatic GIST: a collaborative Spanish (GEIS), Italian (ISG) and French Sarcoma Group (FSG) phase II trial.

Background: Approximately 15% of adult GIST patients harbor tumors that are wild-type for KIT and PDGFRα genes (KP-wtGIST). These tumors usually have SDH deficiencies, exhibit a more indolent behavior and are resistant to imatinib. Underlying oncogenic mechanisms in KP-wtGIST include overexpression of HIF1α high IGFR signaling through the MAPK pathway or BRAF activating mutation, among others.

Efficacy of second and third lines of treatment in advanced soft tissue sarcomas: a real-world study.

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are an uncommon and heterogeneous group of tumours. Several drugs and combinations have been used in clinical practice as second-line (2L) and third-line (3L) treatment. The growth modulation index (GMI) has previously been used as an exploratory efficacy endpoint of drug activity and represents an intra-patient comparison.

SEOM-GEIS clinical guideline for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (2022).

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin, and a paradigmatic model for a successful rational development of targeted therapies in cancer. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with activity against KIT/PDGFRA in both localized and advanced stages has remarkably improved the survival in a disease formerly deemed resistant to all systemic therapies. These guidelines are elaborated by the conjoint effort of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and the Spanish Sarcoma Research Group (GEIS) and provide a multidisciplinary and updated consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of GIST patients.

A Clinical-Genetic Risk Score for Predicting Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism: A Development and Validation Study Involving Two Independent Prospective Cohorts.

Purpose: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of death among patients with cancer. The Khorana score was developed for assessing the risk of VTE in outpatients with cancer receiving chemotherapy, but its accuracy in identifying patients at high risk has been questioned. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a clinical-genetic score that improves the assessment of VTE risk in oncology outpatients within 6 months of diagnosis.

Cardiac monitoring during trastuzumab therapy in metastatic breast cancer: early incidence of cardiac dysfunction.

Trastuzumab therapy has dramatically changed breast cancer prognosis. Consensus documents recommend a close monitoring during therapy, not always feasible, especially in metastatic breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to describe trastuzumab cardiotoxicity in metastatic breast cancer patients to understand how to improve cardiovascular monitoring.

Eribulin activity in soft tissue sarcoma monolayer and three-dimensional cell line models: could the combination with other drugs improve its antitumoral effect?

Background: Eribulin has shown antitumour activity in some soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), but it has only been approved for advanced liposarcoma (LPS).

Methods: In this study, we evaluated the effect of eribulin on proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities in LPS, leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and fibrosarcoma (FS) models, using both monolayer (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid cell cultures. Additionally, we explored combinations of eribulin with other drugs commonly used in the treatment of STS with the aim of increasing its antitumour activity.

Clinical validation of a novel quantitative assay for the detection of MGMT methylation in glioblastoma patients.

Background: The promoter hypermethylation of the methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene is a frequently used biomarker in daily clinical practice as it is associated with a favorable prognosis in glioblastoma patients treated with temozolamide. Due to the absence of adequately standardized techniques, international harmonization of the MGMT methylation biomarker is still an unmet clinical need for the diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma patients.

Results: In this study we carried out a clinical validation of a quantitative assay for MGMT methylation detection by comparing a novel quantitative MSP using double-probe (dp_qMSP) with the conventional MSP in 100 FFPE glioblastoma samples.

Transcription factor NRF2 uses the Hippo pathway effector TAZ to induce tumorigenesis in glioblastomas.

Transcription factor NRF2 orchestrates a cellular defense against oxidative stress and, so far, has been involved in tumor progression by providing a metabolic adaptation to tumorigenic demands and resistance to chemotherapeutics. In this study, we discover that NRF2 also propels tumorigenesis in gliomas and glioblastomas by inducing the expression of the transcriptional co-activator TAZ, a protein of the Hippo signaling pathway that promotes tumor growth. The expression of the genes encoding NRF2 (NFE2L2) and TAZ (WWTR1) showed a positive correlation in 721 gliomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas database.

3D Culture Modelling: An Emerging Approach for Translational Cancer Research in Sarcomas.

Sarcomas are tumours of mesenchymal origin, which can arise in bone or soft tissues. They are rare but frequently quite aggressive and with a poor outcome. New approaches are needed to characterise these tumours and their resistance mechanisms to current therapies, responsible for tumour recurrence and treatment failure.

Atrial Fibrillation in Active Cancer Patients: Expert Position Paper and Recommendations.

Improvements in survival among cancer patients have revealed the clinical impact of cardiotoxicity on both cardiovascular and hematological and oncological outcomes, especially when it leads to the interruption of highly effective antitumor therapies. Atrial fibrillation is a common complication in patients with active cancer and its treatment poses a major challenge. These patients have an increased thromboembolic and hemorrhagic risk but standard stroke prediction scores have not been validated in this population.

Clinicopathological and Molecular Characterization of Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors with Prolonged Benefit to Frontline Imatinib.

Background: Oncogenic KIT/PDGFRA signaling inhibition with imatinib achieves disease control in most patients with advanced/metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), but resistance eventually develops after 20-24 months. Notably, a small subset of these patients obtain durable benefit from imatinib therapy.

Methods: We analyzed clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics and long-term outcomes in patients with metastatic GIST treated with continuous daily dosing of frontline imatinib in a cohort of patients benefiting for ≥5 years.

Multivariable clinical-genetic risk model for predicting venous thromboembolic events in patients with cancer.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of death among patients with cancer. Outpatients with cancer should be periodically assessed for VTE risk, for which the Khorana score is commonly recommended. However, it has been questioned whether this tool is sufficiently accurate at identifying patients who should receive thromboprophylaxis.

Knowns and Known Unknowns of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Adjuvant Therapy.

The first 15 years of management of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) have led to 3 lines of therapy for metastatic disease: imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib. In the adjuvant setting, imatinib is usually given for 3 years postoperatively to patients with higher-risk primary tumors that are completely resected. In this review, issues regarding GIST adjuvant therapy are discussed.

Predictive value of angiogenesis-related gene profiling in patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer treated with bevacizumab and weekly paclitaxel.

Bevacizumab plus weekly paclitaxel improves progression-free survival (PFS) in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC), but its use has been questioned due to the absence of a predictive biomarker, lack of benefit in overall survival (OS) and increased toxicity. We examined the baseline tumor angiogenic-related gene expression of 60 patients with mBC with the aim of finding a signature that predicts benefit from this drug.Multivariate analysis by Lasso-penalized Cox regression generated two predictive models: one, named G-model, including 11 genes, and the other one, named GC-model, including 13 genes plus 5 clinical covariates.

Longitudinal study of cognitive dysfunctions induced by adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer patients.

Background: Chemotherapy can induce cognitive impairment in cancer patients. The main goal of this longitudinal study was to determine the incidence, characteristics, and duration of cognitive dysfunction in patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer.

Patients And Methods: We assessed cognitive function, quality of life, anxiety and depression, fatigue, and hemoglobin levels in colon cancer patients at three assessment points: pre-chemotherapy (n=81), post-chemotherapy (n=73), and after 6-month follow-up (n=54).

Molecular markers to predict outcome to antiangiogenic therapies in colorectal cancer: current evidence and future perspectives.

Angiogenesis is a universal requirement for the growth of solid tumours beyond the limits of oxygen diffusion from the existing vasculature. The expression and function of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors are altered in solid malignancies to drive net neoangiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been confirmed in several clinical trials as an important therapeutic target in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment.

Cutaneous relapse of an ampullary carcinoma: an unusual presentation.

This is the first ever reported case about a cutaneous relapse of small bowel adenocarcinoma. The ampulla of Vater is the area of the small bowel that presents more frequently malignant transformation, nevertheless ampullary adenocarcinomas are rare but aggressive diseases. However, distant metastases are infrequent.

Symptom clusters in advanced cancer.

Context: Patients with advanced cancer often experience multiple concurrent symptoms. Few studies have explored symptom clusters (SCs) in this population.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to explore SCs in advanced cancer, evaluate the characteristics associated with various clusters, and determine their relationship to survival.