Influence of Physicochemical Factors on Adsorption of Ten Phages.

Bacterial viruses known as bacteriophages have been demonstrated to be effective in killing foodborne pathogens such as . Adsorption is the first step in the phage-host interaction. In the present work, 10 phages were used to characterize the adsorption process on ATCC12022 in several physicochemical conditions related to food and in a food matrix.

Action of Colloidal Bismuth Hydroxide Gel and its Commercial Cream on Enteropathogens and Colonizers of the Gastrointestinal Tract.

Background: Acute diarrheal diseases constitute a world public health problem because they are the second cause of death in children under 5 years of age. Colloidal bismuth hydroxide gel (CBHG) is an active ingredient in low-cost, antidiarrhetic drugs for oral use; it does not inhibit intestinal motility, and it features very low intestinal absorption of <1%.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the sensitivity by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC); the effect on bacterial growth by studying the specific growth velocity and the generation time in growth curves; and bacterial attachment by counting viable plaques, of enteropathogenic , shigatoxigenic O157:H7, , spp.

Evaluation of a novel cocktail of six lytic bacteriophages against Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in broth, milk and meat.

Phages are potentially useful as antimicrobial agents in food, especially cocktails of different phages which may prevent the development of bacterial resistance. Biocontrol assays with a six-phage cocktail, which is lytic against DH5α, an enteropathogenic (EPEC) and two Shiga-toxigenic (STEC) Escherichia coli strains, were performed in Hershey-Mg broth, milk and meat at refrigerated (4 °C), room (24 °C) and abusive (37 °C) temperatures. At 4 °C, cell counts were significantly lower (2.

Prevalence and Virulence Genes of Shigella spp. Isolated from Patients with Diarrhea in Rosario, Argentina.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and virulence factors of Shigella species isolated from patients with diarrhea. Shigella species were isolated from 1,022 stool samples collected from different hospitals in Rosario, Argentina. The isolates were characterized using phenotypic tests, serotyping, and detection of virulence genes by PCR.

Resistance to ceftazidime in Escherichia coli associated with AcrR, MarR and PBP3 mutations and overexpression of sdiA.

The mechanisms responsible for the increase in ceftazidime MIC in two Escherichia coli in vitro selected mutants, Caz/20-1 and Caz/20-2, were studied. OmpF loss and overexpression of acrB, acrD and acrF that were associated with acrR and marR mutations and sdiA overexpression, together with mutations A233T and I332V in FtSI (PBP3) resulted in ceftazidime resistance in Caz/20-2, multiplying by 128-fold the ceftazidime MIC in the parental clinical isolate PS/20. Absence of detectable β-lactamase hydrolytic activity in the crude extract of Caz/20-2 was observed, and coincided with Q191K and P209S mutations in AmpC and a nucleotide substitution at -28 in the ampC promoter, whereas β-lactamase hydrolytic activity in crude extracts of PS/20 and Caz/20-1 strains was detected.

Phage biocontrol of enteropathogenic and shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in meat products.

Ten bacteriophages were isolated from faeces and their lytic effects assayed on 103 pathogenic and non-pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. Two phages (DT1 and DT6) were selected based on their host ranges, and their lytic effects on pathogenic E. coli strains inoculated on pieces of beef were determined.

Effect of preservatives on Shiga toxigenic phages and Shiga toxin of Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Toxin synthesis by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) appears to be coregulated through the induction of the integrated bacteriophages that encode the toxin genes. These phages might be the principal means for the dissemination and release of Shiga toxins. We evaluated the effect of three common food preservatives, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, and sodium propionate, on the propagation of the phages and Shiga toxins.

Quorum-sensing regulator sdiA and marA overexpression is involved in in vitro-selected multidrug resistance of Escherichia coli.

Objectives: The role of sdiA in the acquisition of low-level multidrug resistance (MDR) was analysed and compared with that of marA and soxS in two Escherichia coli clinical isolates and two in vitro-selected mutants.

Methods: The mutants were developed by growth in lomefloxacin and ceftazidime. The sdiA, marA, soxS, ftsI, tolC and acrB gene transcript levels were determined by RT-PCR.

Occurrence of non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in ready-to-eat food from supermarkets in Argentina.

Between June 2000 and December 2001, 500 food samples were collected from supermarkets and shops selling ready-to-eat food in Rosario, Argentina, and examined for Escherichia coli. Forty-nine E. coli isolates from food samples were further characterized for virulence genes by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the stx1, stx2, stx2e, eaeA, CNF1, CNF2, Einv, LTI, STI, and STII genes in four groups.