Recent advances in the understanding and management of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted condition characterized by chronic anovulation and excess ovarian activity, in contrast to other causes of anovulation that involve ovarian dormancy or primary insufficiency. Recent studies indicated that PCOS is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and that women with PCOS are at increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The inflammatory and metabolic derangements associated with PCOS are explained in part by the coexistence of insulin resistance and obesity but are further fueled by the androgen excess.