The natural history of hypertension in older adults: a study of two Finnish generational cohorts born 20 years apart.

Background: We conducted a comparative analysis of hypertension prevalence, progression, and treatment in two Finnish population-based cohorts comprising older adults born 20 years apart. The study covered data from pre- and post-HYVET Study eras and spanned the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: All 70-year-old home-dwelling citizens of Turku, in Southwest Finland, were invited to participate in the survey in 1990 (1920-born TUVA cohort) and in 2010 (1940-born UTUVA cohort) with a 25-year follow-up plan.

Trends in Positive Life Orientation Among 70-Year-Olds: A Comparison of Two Finnish Cohorts Born 20 Years Apart.

Objectives: We assessed if positive life orientation (PLO) has increased among older individuals and explored gender disparities in PLO changes.

Methods: Two cohorts of 70-year-olds from Turku, Finland were included: the 1920 birth cohort (examined in 1991;  = 1,032) and the 1940 birth cohort (examined in 2011;  = 956). Participants completed an identical questionnaire assessing life satisfaction, feeling needed, future plans, zest for life, depression, and loneliness.

The Association of the Brief Dementia Risk Index and Incident Dementia among Finnish 70-Year-Olds: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background: An accurate identification of older individuals at increased risk of developing dementia is very important. Various dementia risk prediction models have been developed, but not all models are applicable among older population.

Objectives: To examine the association of the Brief Dementia Risk Index (BDRI) and incidence of dementia among community-dwelling Finnish older adults.

Secular changes in dementia risk indices among 70-year-olds: a comparison of two Finnish cohorts born 20 years apart.

Aims: To compare dementia risk indices among two separate cohorts of 70-year-olds born 20 year apart.

Methods: Community-dwelling 70-year-old Finns were examined with similar examinations in 1991 (n = 1032) and in 2011 (n = 960). Dementia risk was assessed with the CAIDE Dementia Risk Score (CAIDE) (n = 1516), the Brief Dementia Risk Index (BDRI) (n = 1598) and the Dementia Screening Indicator (DSI) (n = 1462).

Prediction of the Future Need for Institutional Care in Finnish Older People: A Comparison of Two Birth Cohorts.

Background: More recent birth cohorts of older people have better physical and cognitive status than earlier cohorts. As such, this could be expected to diminish the need for institutional care. The prediction of the future need for institutional care provides essential information for the planning and delivery of future care and social services as well as the resources needed.

Predictors of institutionalization among home-dwelling older Finnish people: a 22-year follow-up study.

Background: Identification of predictive factors on institutionalization provides the basis for the development and application of preadmission assessment. There is a lack of evidence for predictors of institutionalization for older people.

Aims: To examine the effect of predictive factors on institutionalization in home-dwelling 70-year-old people.

Cardiovascular risk profile and use of statins at the age of 70 years: a comparison of two Finnish birth cohorts born 20 years apart.

Objective: to compare cardiovascular morbidity and risk factor profiles of two 70-year-old cohorts of Finns examined in 1991 and 2011 and to describe prevalence of statin use according to cardiovascular risk in the later cohort.

Methods: 1920-born cohort of community-dwelling 70-year-old persons (n = 1032) participated in comprehensive health surveys, physical and laboratory examinations in the Turku Elderly Study (TUVA) during 1991-92. In 2011, identical examination pattern was performed, in a 1940-born cohort of 70-year-old persons (n = 956) from the same area.

Unmet needs in information flow between breast cancer patients, their spouses, and physicians.

This study focused on the needs and sources of disease information of breast cancer patients and their spouses during early disease in two settings: at the department of oncology (AD) and on a rehabilitation course (RC). The aim was to characterize those patients and spouses who are not content with average information. Eighty percent of AD and 31% of RC patients were content with the available information (p < 0.

Resolution by polarographic techniques of the ternary mixture of captan, captafol and folpet by using PLS calibration and artificial neuronal networks.

The simultaneous polarographic determination of the ternary mixture of captan-captafol and folpet is studied. The polarographic signals of these compounds in their mixture show a high overlapping. For this reason different chemometric methods such as PLS, PCR and artificial neuronal network (ANN) have been utilized for the simultaneous determination of these compounds in mixtures.

Reagentless enzyme electrode based on phenothiazine mediation of horseradish peroxidase for subnanomolar hydrogen peroxide determination.

The development and characterization of a highly sensitive enzyme immobilized carbon based electrode for the determination of subnanomolar concentrations of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous samples is described. The biosensor consists of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilized in solid carbon paste along with a suitable redox mediator. The latter allows the acceleration of the electroreduction of HRP in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.

Fluorimetric determination of tin and organotin compounds in hydroorganic and micellar media in the presence of 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid.

The fluorescence of tin(IV) complexed by 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (8-HQSA) has been studied in both aqueous and hydroorganic (acetate buffer and dimethylsulfoxide) media. Several experimental parameters such as pH, DMSO/water ratio and reactant concentration have been investigated to increase the fluorescence of the tin(IV)-8-HQSA complex. A linear relationship between tin(IV) concentration and fluorescence intensity was observed between 1.

Electrochemical analysis of surfactants: An overview.

This work presents an overview of electrochemical techniques, namely potentiometry, amperometry, tensammetry, electrocapillary measurements and biosensors, recently applied for the determination of surfactants.

Electrochemical behavior of zopiclone.

The electrochemical properties of zopiclone, an anxiolytic and hypnotic drug, have been investigated by different techniques. The compound is reduced in two 2-electron steps in the pH range 0-12. The first step, which corresponds to the reduction of the pyrazine ring, is reversible in acidic and neutral solutions.

Adsorptive voltammetry and hydrolysis kinetics of loprazolam mesilate.

Loprazolam is determined by square-wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry in 0.04M ammonium chloride at pH 4.0, with an accumulation potential of -0.

Adsorptive stripping voltammetry applied to drug analysis: a powerful tool.

A brief review of the principles and instrumentation of adsorptive stripping voltammetry is presented and the advantages of the method are described. As for many highly sensitive techniques applied to the analysis of complex media, severe interferences may occur. Different approaches can be used to circumvent these problems, exemplified by several applications in biological fluids.

Square-wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry of menadione (vitamin K(3)).

Menadione (vitamin K(3)) undergoes a reversible two-electron transfer involving the quinone structure in acidic medium. As demonstrated by using cyclic voltammetry, the reduced form is more strongly adsorbed than the oxidized one. Stripping voltammetry of an adsorbed layer has been applied to the determination of this molecule after preconcentration of the reduced compound and scanning the potential towards less negative values.

Electrochemical study of carminomycin at solid electrodes.

The electrochemical behaviour of carminomycin at carbon-paste, glassy-carbon and composite carbon-polymer electrodes has been compared. Three electroactive sites on the molecule have been identified. Two sites are involved in the oxidation processes, the first corresponding to the hydroquinone structure in the C-6/C-11 positions, the second attributed to the C-4 phenolic function.

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The analysis of pharmacologically active compounds using electrochemical techniques with modified electrodes is reviewed. Several physical and chemical methods for the immobilization of materials on to electrodes are available, and the resulting surfaces can be examined microscopically . Examples of these procedures and their analytical applications are given.