Modeling the oral cavity: in vitro and in vivo evaluations of buccal drug delivery systems.

The delivery of drugs through the buccal mucosa has attracted much research interest over the past two decades and numerous approaches, both conventional and complex, have been developed in an attempt to deliver a variety of pharmaceutical compounds via the buccal route. However, the design of appropriate in vitro and in vivo methods to evaluate the behavior of these delivery systems is often ignored. This review aims to outline the progress in the in vitro and in vivo modeling of buccal drug delivery and provide a critical review of currently used methods.

Advances in oral transmucosal drug delivery.

The successful delivery of drugs across the oral mucosa represents a continuing challenge, as well as a great opportunity. Oral transmucosal delivery, especially buccal and sublingual delivery, has progressed far beyond the use of traditional dosage forms with novel approaches emerging continuously. This review highlights the physiological challenges as well as the advances and opportunities for buccal/sublingual drug delivery.